DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS 75 



Peduncles long, 1-flowered. Flowers about li in. broad, deep crim- 

 son. Calyx-tube very strongly 5-ribbed, with 5 smaller ones between ; 

 calyx-teeth short and slender. Petals somewhat notched. Culti- 

 vated in old gardens ; from Italy. 



Vn. DIANTHUS, L. 



Tufted, mostly perennial herbs, often shrubby at the base. 

 Leaves narrow and grass-like. Flowers solitary or variously 

 clustered. Calyx tubular, 5-toothed, with overlapping bracts 

 at the base. Petals 5, with long claws. Stamens 10, matur- 

 ing 5 at a time. Styles 2 ; ovary 1-celled. Capsule cylindrical, 

 4-valved at the top. 



1. D. Armeria, L. Deptfokd Pixk. Rather erect, annual, with 

 stiff stems 1-2 ft. high. Leaves very dark green, linear, 1-2 in. long, 

 the lower obtuse, the upper acute. Flowers loosely clustered, small, 

 dark pink. Calyx-tube ^-| in. long, nearly cylindrical. Petals 

 narrow, speckled with very small whitish dots. In sandy fields 

 eastward, introduced from Em'ope ; sometimes cultivated. 



2. D, barbatus, L. Sweet William. Perennial, often in large 

 clumps. Stems erect, branching above, smooth, 1-2 ft. tall. Leaves 

 lanceolate, 2-3 in. long, acute. Flowers crimson-pink, white or 

 variegated, in terminal clusters, bracts linear, as long as the calyx. 

 Common about old gardens; from Europe.* 



3. D. plumarius, L. Commox Pink, Grass Pink. Leaves grass- 

 like, with a whitish bloom. Petals white, pink, or variegated, with 

 the limb fringed. Flowers solitary, fragrant. Hardy perennials, 

 cultivated from Europe. 



4. D. Caryophyllus, L. Carnation, Clove Pink. Much like 

 the preceding species, but with larger fragrant flowers ; the broad 

 petals merely crenate. Hothouse perennials (some hardy varieties), 

 cultivated from Europe. 



31. NYMPHJEACE^. Water-lily Family. 



Perennial aquatic herbs. Leaves usually floating, often 

 shield-shaped. Flowers borne on naked scapes. Floral en- 

 velopes and stamens all hypogynous or else adnate to a fleshy 

 disk that encloses the carpels. Sepals 3-6. Petals 3-5 or 

 often very numerous. Stamens many. Carpels 3 or more, 

 free, in a single circle or united with the disk. Fruit a berry 

 or a group of separate carpels. 



