DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS 109 



ovate or oval, acute, finely serrate or entire, downy when young, 

 becoming smooth with age ; petioles slender. Cymes few-several- 

 flowered, terminal, and at the ends of "fruit spurs" grown the 

 previous season. Flowers white. Styles not united. Fruit obovoid, 

 with hard gritty grains near the core. A European and Asiatic 

 tree common in cultivation.* 



2. P. Malus. Apple. A tree with a rounded top and dark- 

 colored bark. Leaves oval or ovate, obtuse or pointed, dentate or 

 nearly entire, rounded at the base, smooth above, downy beneath. 

 Cymes few-many-flowered. Flowers large, white or pink. Calyx 

 downy. Fruit depressed-globose to ovoid, hollowed at the base and 

 usually at the apex. Cultivated from Europe and often running 

 wild in old pastures, etc., E.* 



3. P. coronaria, L. American Crab Apple. A small tree 

 with smooth bark. Leaves triangular or oval-lanceolate, acutish or 

 rounded or a little heart-shaped at the base, cut-serrate and often 

 somewhat 3-lobed, slender-petioled, soon smooth. Flowers large, 

 few in a cluster, pale rose-color, very sweet-scented. Fruit bright 

 green, turning yellowish, sometimes 1^ in. in diameter, flattened at 

 right angles to the pedicels, very fragrant. Glades, W. !N". Y., West 

 and South. 



4. P. angustifolia, Ait. N^arrow-leayed Crab Apple. A small 

 tree with smooth, light gray bark. Leaves lanceolate or oblong, 

 serrate, downy when young, acute at the base, short-petioled. 

 Corymbs few-flowered. Flowers pink, fragrant, about 1 in. broad. 

 Styles smooth, distinct. Fruit nearly globose, about | in. in diame- 

 ter, very sour. In open woods, Penn., W. and S.* 



5. P. arbutifolia, L. f. Chokeberry, Choke Pear, Dogberry. 

 A shrub 5-8 ft. high. Leaves oblong or oblanceolate, finely serrate, 

 downy beneath, short-petioled. Flowers in a downy compound 

 cyme, small, white or reddish. Fruit pear-shaped or nearly globular, 

 not larger than a currant, very dark pm'ple, dry and puckery. There 

 is also a smooth-leaved variety with black fruit. Swamps and damp 

 thickets, especially N. E. 



6. P. americana, DC. American Mountain Ash. A tall shrub 

 or small tree. Leaves odd-pinnate. Leaflets oblong-lanceolate, taper- 

 pointed, sharply serrate, smooth, bright green. Flowers small, white, 

 in large, flat, compound cymes. Fruit bright scarlet, not larger 

 than currants. Common N^. and often cultivated. 



7. P. Aucuparia, Gaertn. European Mountain Ash or Rowan 

 Tree. Larger than Xo. 6, Leaflets paler, downy beneath. Fruit 

 larger, about ^ in. in diameter. Cultivated from Europe. 



