162 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 



leaved. Petals white, inversely heart-shaped, the outer ones 

 usually 2-cleft and larger. Calyx with 5 small teeth. Fruit 

 tipped with a thick, conical enlargement of the style, with 

 three blunt ribs on the outer surface of each carpel and a 

 large oil-tube in each interval between the ribs. Seeds flat. 



1. H. lanatum, Michx. Cow Parsnip. Stem grooved and woolly, 

 4-8 ft. high. Leaflets petioled, broad, deeply and irregularly toothed. 



X. DAUCUS, L 



Annual or biennial, bristly-hairy herbs. Leaves pinnately 

 twice or more compound, the divisions slender. Umbels com- 

 pound, many-rayed. Flowers small, white. Calyx-teeth slen- 

 der or wanting. Petals notched, the point bent inward, often 

 unequal. Fruit ovoid or ellipsoid, with rows of spines. 



• 1. D. Carota, L. Common Carrot. Erect, 1-3 ft. high, with a 

 conical, fleshy, orange-colored root. Lower and root-leaves 2-3 

 pinnate. Central flower of each umbel and sometimes of each 

 umbellet larger and very dark purple, with the corolla irregular. 

 Cultivated from Europe for the edible roots ; also introduced in 

 pastui'e's and meadows and along roadsides E. 



73. CORNACE^. Dogwood Family. 



Shrubs or trees, rarely herbs. Leaves opposite or alter- 

 nate, without stipules. Flowers small, regular, variously 

 clustered. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary ; limb of the calyx 

 very short. Petals 4-5, borne on the margin of a disk on top 

 of the ovary. Stamens 4-5, inserted with the petals. Ovary 

 1-4-celled, with one ovule in each cell ; style 1. Fruit (in 

 our species) a 1-2-celled and 1-2-seeded stone-fruit. 



I. CORNUS, Toum. 



Trees, shrubs, or herbs. Leaves usually opposite. Flowers 

 in forking cymes, or in umbels or heads, each with an invo- 

 lucre, white or yellow. Calyx-teeth 4. Petals 4. Stamens 4. 

 Ovary 2-celled. Stone-fruit, ovoidal or ellipsoidal, the stone 

 2-celled. 



