12 



niCTIONAKY OF THE ACTIVE I-1(IN( 1 1'LICS OK 1"LAM> 



Concentrated sul|ihuric acid gives jellow solution. 



{;/) ASEBOFUSCIN G., CisHisOj ; reddish-brown, yielding the violet sub- 

 stance Asili::jjiirjiiir/u on boiling with alcoholic hydrochloric acid. 



Soluble in alcohol, acetic acid, and alkalies ; scarcely in water. In- 

 soluble in ether, chloroform and benzene. 



(//) ASEBOTIN G., C,4H.,„0i,. Crys. needles ; M.P. U:,-:)" ; specific 

 gravity, i:i5(i; bitter, non-poisonous. Yields sugar and Ascbogen/n on 

 treatment with acids. 



Soluble in alcoliol, hot water, and glacial acetic acid ; with difficulty in 

 cold watei-, or in ether, chloroform, benzene, petroleum ether. 



Reactions : 



Alkuliue hydrates, dissolve (acids reprecipitate). 



Le:id acetate, basic, precipitates (no pp. wiih the neutral salt). 



(0 ASEBOGENIN, CjsHjgO, ? (from Asebotin) ; crys. needles. 



Soluble in alcohol, ether, and dilute alkalies ; with difficulty in water 

 or chloroform. 



Precipitated by basic lead acetate. 



§^7. ARECA Catechu, Palmacar {' Gn-vncii,' Betel-nut): the nut. 

 Contains, al-o. Choline. For Catechin, see Catechu. 



{a)ARECOLINE A., C,H,;,NO,, or (C5NH7)CH3-CO./CH;, (Methyltetra- 

 hydro-nicotinate), E. Jahns. An oil, volatile in vapour of water, boils at 

 209" ; strongly alkaline, very poisonous. Salts crystalline. 



Solubility : Miseible in all proportions with water, alcohol, ether, or 

 chloroform. 

 Reactions (of the salts) : 



Alkaline hydrates give no pp., but liberate («) from its salts. 



Tannic acid, no pp. with the salts, but free (a) gives pp. 



Picric acid, a tarry pp., becoming crystalline. 



[Platinum chloride, no pp.] 



Gold chloride forms a double salt (A-HCl-AuCl,), difficultly soluble 



in water. 

 Phospbo-molybdic acid, white pp. 



Bismuth-potassic iodide, pp. red, becoming crystalline. 

 Mercuric-potassic iodide, pp. yellow oily, becoming crystalline. 

 [Mercuric chloride, no pp.] 

 Iodine, pp. and brown solution. 

 (h) ARECAINE A., CrH„KO,+H,0 (E. Jahns) ; crystalline, neutral, non- 

 poisonous ; ]\1.P. -^13° (becoming frothy). 



Soluble in water ; scarcely in cold alcohol or in chloroform. Insolnble 

 in ether or benzene. (Ether does not remove from alkaline aqueou.s 

 solution — i/i.itiiirtion front Arecoline.) 

 Reactions : 



Tannic acid, turbidity. 

 [Picric acid, no pp.] 

 Phosphomolybdic acid, turbidity. 

 Potassic iodide, dark crystalline pp. 

 Bismuth-potassic iodide, pp. red becoming crystalline. 

 Mercuric-])otassic iodide, pp. yellow crystalline. 

 ((■) ARECAIDINE A., CjH,,NO,. (occurs naturally in the nut, and pro- 

 ducible artificially from Arecoline by heating in sealed tube with alkali 

 or hydriodic acid, methyl group being eliminated). Isomer of Arecaine. 

 Crystallizes from 70 per cent, alcohol with 1 molecule H«0. M.P. of an- 

 hydrous alkaloid, 22iV-. Kon-poisonous. 



Soluble in water and dilute alcohol ; scarcely in absolute alcohol, ether, 

 chloroform, or benzene. 



Ferric chloride gives red coloration. 



(,l) GUVACINE A., C,;H,,NO, or NH-CH./COCO-CH(CH^)CH.. Crystal- 

 line, iipiitial; M.P. •271 -"^72 ; non-poisonous. 



Soluble in water and dilute alcohol. Insoluble in ether, chloroform, 

 benzene, or strong alcohol. 



Salts have acid reaction, and their solubilities are similar to those of 

 the free base. 



Ferric chloride gives a deep red. 



)( 2S. ARISTOLOCHIACE.a;, Aristolochia serpentaria, the root (Ser- 

 pentary root, or Virginian Snake root), («) ; A. Argentina, (6), (c). [For 

 A. cava, containing Corydaline, see Corydalis.] 



(a) ARISTOLOCHIN B., C3,H.,.,N,0,:,(?). Bitter, poisonous, resembling 

 I Aloin physiologically. 



i Soluble in water, alcohol, and ether. 

 Reactions : 



Alkaline hydrates, pp. (purple-red on fusion with potash). 

 Lead acetate neutral, pp. 

 [Fehling's solution, not reduced.] 

 Concentrated sulphuric acid, dark green. 

 Dilute acids, precipitate from solution. 



(b) ARISTOLOCHINE A. (not identical with above— 0. Uesse, 1892); 

 amorphous, resinous. 



