niC'TIONARY OF THE ACTIVE PKINCIPLES OF PLANTS. 



27 



with difficulty in ether. Insoluble in chloroform, benzene, petroleum 

 ether, c:irbon bisulphide. 



5; (V2. CHARA foetida, palmella, oscillaria, nostoc ; Characea'. Investi- 

 gator : Phip.'^on, Phann. J. T., 162, 479. 



CHARACIN. Non-crystalline, fat-like, volatile substance ; ' ninrshy ' odour ; 

 floats on water. 



Soluble in ether and alcohol. 



§ G.3. CHELIDONIUM majns (Celandine), (a), (i), and Protojiine, see 

 Opium; Sauguinaria Canadensis (Puccoon, or Blood-root), (a), (i), and 

 Proto))ine ; Glauciiim luteum, (a), («>), (/) ; Macleya cordata (Bocconia 

 cordata, native of .iapan). (o), and Protopine (Maclevine) ; Eschscholzia 

 Califoruica, Morphine, (a) probably, and two others (Walz) ; Stylophoron 

 diphylluui, (7/). Papavpi-at'en'. 



(a) CHELEHYTHRINE A. (one of the two Macleya alkaloids; one of the 

 Esch.scholzia alkaloids ; Sanguinarine ? Schmidt gives C.jjHjjNOj for 

 Sanguinarine, and C.^|H,.N04 for Chelerythrine, and states that the former 

 gives red salts and the latter yellow ; otherwise the two alkaloids closelv 

 resemble each other. This is confirmed by G. K6uisr. Commercial 

 Sanguinarine was found by latter chemist to contain [in addition to 

 Chelerythrine, which predominated] Protopine. Sanguinarine, and Homo- 

 chelidonine) ; C^jHi^XO^ (E. Schmidt), or C,,|H,yN04 (Lim])richt) ; crys. 

 needles; alkaline reaction; liberates ammouia from its salts; bitter in 

 alcoholic solution; Huorescent ; optically inactive ; on heating, it becomes 

 resinous at 65°. Salts are orange-coloured, and mostly soluble in water, 

 pcssessing burning taste, and giving red coloration with acid vapours. 



Soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, amyl alcohol, benzene, petroleum 

 ether, fatty and volatile oils ; not in water. 



Precipitants : 



Alkaline hydrates, gray case- 



Potassium chromate. 

 Mercuric chloride, yellowish- 

 white. 

 Iodine tincture. 

 Magnesia. 



Ammonia, gray caseous. 

 Tannic acid, yellowish-red 

 Gold chloride, dark red (M.P. 



2.3.3°). 

 Concentrated sulphuric acid, yellowish-red. 



(/;) CHELIDONINE A. (Stylophorine, F. Selle), Ci<,H,7N0., or C.,„H„jNO, 

 (F. Selle) ; crystallizes iii plates with 2U.X) : M.P.' 130° : volatile in 

 steam, not poisonous in small doses, reaction alkaline, taste bitter. 



Soluble in amyl alcohol, chloroform, volatile, and fatty oils; scarcely 

 in alcohol or ether except after long boiling. Insoluble in water. 

 It is removed by chloroform from alkaline solution. 

 (<•) BETA-HOMO-CHELIDONINE, C„, H,,,N(X, = C,„ni5(OCH3).,-NO., (E. 

 Schmidt) ; nionoclinic crystals ; M.P. 1511°. 

 Precipitated in .solutions of 1 in 100 by : 



i'liosplio-tuugstio acid. I Cadniium-potassic iodide. 



Phosjiho-inolybdic acid. | Bromine water. 



Colour tests : 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, violet. 

 Fn'ihde's reagent. yellow-^violet->«'green. 

 (d) ALPHA-HOMO-CHELIDONINE A. (isomeric with preceding) ; C^H^. 

 (0CH.,)„N03 ; crystalline ; melting at 182°. 

 Precipitated, as preceding base, 

 'raiinic acid also gives pp. soluble in excess. 

 Colour tests : 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, yellow. 

 I'Tiihilf's solution, dirty-brown green. 

 ((') GLAUCOPICRINE A. ; amorphous or crystalline, giving crystalline salts 

 (the hydiochloride, rhombic plates or prisms) ; alkaline, bitter. 

 Soluble in water and alcohol ; with difficulty in ether. 

 Precipitants : 



Alkaline hydrates. 1 [Not neutral lead acetate.] 



.\niraonia. | Tannic acid. 



Colour test : Concentrated sulphuric acid, dark green on warming. 

 ( /') GLAUCINE A., C,8[I,,,N0j ; pearly crystals ; melting below 100° C. ; 

 reaction alkaline, taste sharp and bitter. Darkens on exposure. 



Soluble in .alcohol, ether, and petroleum ether ; also in hot water, but 

 scarcely in cold. The hydrochloride is insoluble in alcohol or ether ; the 

 sulphate is soluble in alcohol. 



Precipitants : 



Alkaline hydrates. I [Not. neutral lead acetate.] 



Ammonia. | Tannic acid. 



Colour tests : 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, blue->«.violet~v.red ; after addition of 

 water, ammonia gives a blue pp. (Battandier states that no violet 

 colour is pi'oduced with pure unoxidized glaucine unless warmed. 



Concentrated sulphuric acid with mercuric nitrate gives rise to 

 intense green stria; on adding a crystal of glaucine. 



