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DICTIiiNARY OF THE ACTIVE I'RINCirl.KS OK PLANTS. 



§ G4. CHENOPODIUM album (White Goose-fon ); Cheiwpndiacem. 

 The juice. Investigator : Reinsch, N. Jahrh. Phariit., :^0,2(J8 and 27, ]'J3. 



CHENOPODINE A. (Leucine? DragendorflE ; v. (ionip), OsHjaNOi 

 (CeHjuNO^. ?) ; crystallizes in microscopic needles ; M.P. 180°, with 

 crj'stailine sublimate and noxious odour; neutral reaction ; tasteless. 



Solubility: 1 in 11 cold, and 1 in :5 to 4 boiling water ; 1 in -'Oi cold, 

 and 1 in 77 boiling alcohol of 90 per cent. 



Precipitated by platinum chloride. 



^■(>.'>. CHIOCOCCA racemosa (Cain(;a root) ; liuhiace.m. 



(o) CAINCIN G. ((Jainfaic acid, Chiococcin), CmHjjOis (Rochleder) ; 

 crystalline needles, acid reaction, taste gradually bitter. Action emetic 

 and purgative. Salts amorphous. 



Soluble in hot alcohol (crystals separate on cooling), difficultly soluble 

 in water or ether. 



Reactions : 



Alkaline hydrates j dissolve ; excess 

 Ammonia (of lime preci- 



Barium hydrate ( pitates a basic 

 Calcium hydrate ) salt. 



(b) CHIOCOCCAIC acid is formed together with sugar from the above by 

 momentary heating with acid ; and 



(c) CAIKCETIN, CjjHojOa, is produced when the heating is continued. 



§ (iG. CHIRETTA (Ophelia Chiretta, or Agathotes Chirayta) ; Gen- 

 tianea'. Investigator: Hohn, Arch. Ph., 139, -Wi. 



(a) CHIRETTIN B. (Chiratin), CjgHjsOjj ; amorphous, resinous, neutral, 

 very bitter. 



Soluble in ether, which removes it from acid solutions. Chloroform 

 does not extract it from either acid or alkaline solutions, or at most but 

 traces. 



Reactions : 



[No pp. lead acetate, neutral or ammoniacal.] 



Tanio acid, pp. 



[Fehling's solution, not reduced.] 



(h) CHIRETTOGENIN. From the preceding by long boiling with acids. 



Not precipitated by tannic acid (compare above). 



(e) OPHELIC ACID B., Ci3H„„0]„ ; yellow, syrupy, acid reaction, taste at 

 first sour, becoming bitter ; gentian-like odour. 



[Lead acetate, neutral, no pp., 



or slight.] 

 Lead acetate, basic, pp. 

 [Ferric chloride, no pp.] 



Soluble in water and alcohol, also in mixture of ether and alcohol. 

 Precipitants, etc. 



Fixed alkalies ( dissolve 

 Ammonia ^ yellow. 



Lead ;icetate, neutral, pp. 



Ammoniacal Kilver nitrate, redaced. 



Fehling's solution, reduced. 



Metallic salts, pp. (Hohn). 

 § Ii7. CHRYSANTHEMUM tanacetum,(u), (b): C. Cinerariaefolium— 

 the tlowers, (c), ((/); CompaKilir. Investigators: Leppig, Pharm.X. Russ- 

 laiid, 1882; Marino Zuco, and others. 



(a) TANACETIN B., C61'4t; per cent., H 7'7 per cent. : amorphous, 

 bitter. 



Soluble in water and alcohol, not in ether. 



(b) TANACETIC ACID. The individuality of this substance is denied by 

 Leppig. 



(c) CHRYSANTHEMINE A., CuH„8N./J3 (Marino Zuco) ; syrupy, but dried 

 in ruciiii appears in form of silkj' needles ; M.P. above lOO": alkaline 

 reaction, no rotatory power, physiologically inactive. Salts mostly soluble 

 in water, some being deliquescent. 



Soluble in water, alcohol, and methyl alcohol. Insoluble in ether, 

 chloroform, or benzene. 



[Not phospho-molybdic acid.] 

 Bismutb-potassic iodide, orange 

 flocculent, becoming crystal- 

 line. 

 Mercuric-potassic iodide, yel- 

 lowish-white. 

 [Not mercuric chloride.] 

 Platinic-sodic iodide, brown. 



Precipitants : 



[Ao/ alkalies in dilute solution. 

 „ lead acetate, neutral. j 



„ „ basic. 



,. tannic acid. 

 „ picric acid. 

 „ platinum chloride.] 

 Gold chloride, yellow crj-stal- 

 liiie, sol. hot. 

 Colour tests (negative) : 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, no action (slight resinification on 



heating. 

 Fuming hydrochloric acid, no action, 

 (rf) PYRETHROSIN B., C,4H„0,„ ; crystalline, bitter. 

 Soluble in hilt alciihol and chloroform ; less easily in ether and petro- 

 leum ether. Insoluble in water. 



Concentiateil hvdrochloric acid, red or violet coloration. 

 § 68. CICHORIUM intybus (Chicory) ; Compusiia. The flowers. In- 

 vestigator : R. Nietzki, Arch. Pharm. [3] 8, 327. 



CHICORIN G. (suggested name; R. Nietzki's ' Cichorium glncoside'). 



