DICTIONARY OF THE ACTIVE PRINCIPLES OF PLA.N1> 



31 



Precipitants : 



Alkaline hydrates. 

 „ carhonates. 



Ammonia (somewhat soluble, and also in amm. chloride). 

 „ carbonate after some hours. 



Alkaline bicarbonate if not dilute (no pp. at 1 in 200). 



.\feiii. : Tartaric acid prevents the precipitation by bicarbonates, for 

 a time. 



[No pp. sodium acetate, compare Opium.] 



[Not lead acetate, neutral or basic] 



Tannic acid, yellowish-white ; soluble in warm hydrochloric acid. 



Picric acid, amorphous. 



[Not ferric chloride.] 



Platinumchioride,lightyellow, nearly white ;insol. in hydrochloric acid. 



Gold chloride, yellow amorphous. 



Potassium ferrocyanide ; sol. warm, and in excess. 

 „ sulphocyanide, white changing to needles. 



( „ cyanide, red coloration.) 



Silver-potassic cyanide, white amorphous. 



Potassium bichromate, yellow amorphous (cloud at 1 in :5,000). 



Chromic acid (.5 per cent.), a pp. with neutral salts of Q. 



Phospho-molybdic acid, white amorphous (caustic potash dissolves 

 the pp. to light yellow .solution, see Morphine). 



Phospho-tungstic acid, 1 in 1UO,UOO. 



Phospho-antimonic acid, pp. (cloud at 1 in 5,000). 



lodo potassic iodide, reddish-brown. 



Potassic iodide. 



Bismuth-potassic iodide, orange-red (cloud at 1 in 50,000). 



Zinc-potassic iodide. 



Mercuric-potassic iodide, amorphous : limit 1 in 12.'j,000. 



Mercuric chloride, white amorphous ; sol. in amm. chloride. 



Chlorine water in not too great excess, then ammonia ; green flocks 

 soluble in excess to an emerahl solut/on, (thalleioquiu reaction) ; by 

 careful neutralization : blue~»-violet~>-red ; becoming again green 

 with excess of ammonia. (Potash to the chlorine solution, yellow ; 

 lime-water, red). Test applicable 1 in 20,000. 



Bromine water, as with chlorine. 



Other Colour reactions, negative. 



Concentrated sulphuric acid 1 , 



. ,, ;• cok 



„ „ ,, with sugar ) 



ilourless. 



Concentrated sulphuric acid with potas. bichromate, merely light 



yellow. 



Per-iodic acid, iodine liberated. 



Frohde's reagent, greenish. 



Nitric acid alone I , , 



.., , , ■ ! colourless. 

 „ „ with sulphuric ) 



(2a) ISOQUININE. From Quinine by solution in strong sulphuric acid. 

 Not precipitated by sodium tartrate. 



(2i) QUINICINE, isomer of Quinine ; formed by heating acid sulphate of 

 quinine to 13.')", and occurring in ' Quinoidine,' see (24). Yellowish 

 amorphous, bitter, alkaline, dextro-rotatory ; M.P. about 60°, non- 

 fluorescent. 



Soluble in alcohol, chlorofoim, ether ; but with difficulty in water. 

 Reactions : 



Absorbs carbonic acid. 



Alkaline hydrates ( oily pp. incomplete ; only cloud in presence of 

 Ammonia I ammonium chloride. 



[No pp. tartrate.] 



Potassium sulpho-cyanide, oily pp. 



Chlorine water then ammonia, as with quinine, but less intense. 

 (2c) APOQUININE A, C,„H.„N.jO.,+2H20 ; from Quinine by heating with 

 hydrochloric acid in sealed tube to 140°, whereby CH^ is eliminated 

 (escaping as methyl chloride). Crystalline, Isevo-rotatory, alkaline, bitter, 

 non-fluorescent ; M.P. 160°. 



Soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, and hot water ; difficultly in the 

 latter when cold. 



Precipitated by alkaline hydrates and ammonia, but soluble in excess. 

 Chlorine water then ammonia (thalleioquin reaction), green colora- 

 tion, but only faintly. 



(2f/) Qy/rf/V/Wf =Dihydroxiquinine. From Quinine by oxidation with 

 potassium permanganate. 



(2e) HYDROQUININE A., C.oHaeN.jO., and with 2HoO. Accompanies 

 Quinine (in the Cinchona barks, and up to 4 per cent, in coniuiercial 

 quinine sulphate ; separable from Quinine by fractional precipitation of 

 the acid sulphates). Crystalline, lajvo-rotatory ( - 142'2"), alkaline, bitter ; 

 M.P. 168°, fluorescent in sulphuric acid solution. 



Soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, benzene, carbon bisulphide, 

 aqueous acetone and ammonia ; slightly in water. 



