DICTIDNAKV (IF THK ACTIVE I'KINCIl'I.KS OF PLANTS 



33 



Precipitated liy alkaline hydrates and ammonia, flocculent pp. becoming 

 crystalline. 



[■ill) APOCINCHONICINE A. Produced from preceding alkaloid by heat- 

 ing; in snlphuric" acid to l.'i(l^-14()°. Optically inactive ; unstable. 



Soluble i" all' ilinl, c'lipv, chloroform, and dilute acids. 



Precipitated l>y sodium hydrate ; resinous. 



(4<') DIAPOCINCHONINE A., OjsHjjNjO,. Formed during preparation of 

 Apocinchonine. Pale 3'ellow, amorphous, dextro-rotatory {about + 'iO" 

 in ',17 per cent, alcohol). 



Soluble in alcohol, ether, and chloroform. 



Precipitated by alkaline hydrates (pp. resinous) and ammonia. 



(4/') HYDROCINCHONINE A., C,,,H.^.,N._,0. Occurs naturally, also pro- 

 ducible from Cinchonine by reduction. Usually amorphous (as are the 

 salt-i). Alkaline reaction ; M.P. ■JnG". 



Soluble in alcohol and ether. 



(4,7) CINCHOLEUPONIC ACID. (',H,,,NO_,-f H.,(). Formed with other sub- 

 stances from C'iuchoniue by acticm of chromic .:nd dilute sulphuric acids. 

 [E. Jungfleisch (Cmnpl. I^enrl., 105 and 106), to whom are also due the 

 next six substances, 4// to iiii, which were prepared by heating cinchonine 

 with sulphuric acid for five days.] 



(ih) CINCHONIBINE, X.,Cis'H._,^..0. From cinchonine ; see 4.7. Prismatic 

 needles; alkaline reaction; dextro-rotatory (ITi'i-S" in alcoiiol) ; M.P. 

 ■i.')9" ; yielding; sublimate. 



Soluble in hot alcohol, not in ether or water. 



Precipitated by alkalies. 



(4') CINCHONIFINE A., C,,,H„.N._,0. From Cinchonine ; see 4.7. Crystal- 

 lizes in needles from alcohol ; de.xtro-rotatory ( llTi' in alcoholic solution). 



Soluble in alcohol, but not in ether. 



(4./) CINCHONIGINE A., C,„H,„N.,0 (regarded by O. Hesse as identical 

 with Isociuchonine. 4(/, or amorphous Cinchonine). From Cinchonine ; 

 see 47. Crystallizes in prisms; M.P. 128°; distils under reduced pres- 

 sure; laivo-rotatory ( — G0'1° ; 1 percent, solution in alcohol) ; alkaline 

 reaction, non-fluorescent. 



Soluble in ethyl, naethyl, and amyl alcohols very readily ; also in ether, 

 benzene, chloroform, and acetone ; slightly in water. 



Precipitated by alkalies. 



(4/. ) CINCHONILINE A., C,^H..,K,0. From Cinchonine ; .see 4.7. Readily 



crystallizes in rhomboidal prisms ; M.P. 1 .'50'4° ; distils in vacuo ; dextro- 

 rotatory (+j:i-2° ; 1 per cent, solution in alcohol) ; strongly alkaline. 



Soluble easily in alcohol, ether, chloroform, benzene; al.so soluble iu 

 methyl alcohol and acetone ; slightly in water. 



Precipitated by alkalies. 



Reduces alkaline permanganate. 



(4/) ALPHA-OXY-CINCHONINE A., C,,,H„.jN,,0,. From Cinchonine ; .<ee 4.7. 

 Crys. [insuis and needles ; dextro-rotatory (-(-182 .'il'i°). 



Soluble in dilute alcohol, not in ether. 



Precipitated by alkalies. 



(4hO BETA-OXY-CINCHONINE a., C,,,H._„N„0.,. Kormed with above. 

 Crys. needles; dextro-rotatory (+ 187-14"). 



Soluble in dilute alcohol, not in ether or acetone. 



(4«) CINCHONIGINE A., C,;,H„,M„0. See Quinoidine (24). Light 

 yellow, amorphous, gummy (so-called crystallized Cinchonicine = Cincho- 

 nine, O. Hesse) ; M.P. about M" ; alkaline, bitter. 



Soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, benzene, and acetone. 



Reactions ; very much like those of Quinicine. 

 Sodium hydrate : cloud and gradual pp. 

 Ammonia : partial precipitation. 

 (Does not give thalleioquin reaction with chlorine water, etc.) 



(4") CARTHAGINE. Probably a mixture of Cinchonine and Cinchonidine 

 (Hesse, Annul in, 166, 2.51) ; see also .i. 



(4;.)) CINCHOTINE A. (not Hlasiwetz's Cinchotine, which is Quinidine), 

 C'l^HjiNoO. Accompanies Cinchonine ; found also in Remijia bark. 

 Crys. prisms and leaflets ; M.P. 268°-277° (Skraup) ; dextro-rotatory. 



Soluble in alcihol, in .534 parts of ether and 1,3(')0 of water. 



(47) DICINCHONINE A., CjoHj^NjOa. Accompanies Cinchonine and 

 Quinine in most Cinchona barks (Hesse). Amorphou.s, alkaline, dextro- 

 rotatory, fluorescent. 



Soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, benzene, acetone. Insoluble in 

 water or petroleum ether ; pp. tartrate. 



Gives the thalleioquin reaction. 



(5) QUINIDINE A. ( Hesse's Conqtiinine : van Heiningen's Ijeta-quinine ; 

 Hlasiwetz's Cinchotine ; Gruner's Carthagine ; Muratory's Pitayine ; 

 LiJwig's Quinotine), C2i,H^jN„02+2iH.,0 (from alcohol) ; crys. four- 

 sided prisms or needles ; also hydrates with li and 2 H.,0. Feebly 

 alkaline, bitter, dextro-rotatory (2.36-7°- :V01 i;,' Hesse) ;' M.P. I'iU" 



