10 



DICTIONARY Ol- THE ACTIVE riUNClIM.ES or JM.ANT.- 



Solubility: in water, 1 in 254 at tr\ 1 in -'7 boiling ; in alcoliol 1 in 

 70 at -l-l' C. ; in ether, 1 in 2,792 at 22'. 

 Reactions : 



Alkaline hydrates, dissolve. 



Animnniacal silver nitrate, reduced. 



[No pp. tannic acid nor metallic salts.] 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, yellowish-brown, 

 (i) ANTIARETIN C!., deriv. (from above). Feathery crystals. 

 Soluble ill alcohol, ether, benzene, and petroleum ether. 



§ 23. APOCYNUM canuabinum, Ajioci/naccir. (See also § 2H </.) 

 APOCYNIN G. Poisonou.s. Soluble in alcohol and ether, scarcely in 

 water. 



APOCYNEIN G. Soluble in water. 



§ 2P.r-. APOCYNE.a: of the Dutch Indies. The following series of 

 plants have been investigated by Greshoff, with results as below : 



1. Rauwolfia (Ophioxylou) serpentina and trifoliata, (o), (h), (c). 



2. „ canescens, Rauwolfia (Cyrtosiphonia) spectabilis and 

 madurensis, (i), (c). 



."?. Hunteria corymb"sa, the corte.x, (p), (,/)— 0-3 per cent, of the latter. 



4. Ochrosia (Lactaria) acuminata, ackeringas, coccinea, (e), ( t'). 



h. Melodinus tevigatus, Bl., leaves, cortex, and seed (j). 



6. Leuconoti-s eiigenifolia, Dec, (//}. 



7. Pseadochrosia glomerata, Bl., (c), and a poisonous alkaloid, 



possibly (rf). 



8. Kopsia fiavida, Bl., seeds. Iftj per cent, alkaloid, sol. ether. 



9. „ arborea, alkaloid, sol. ether, and substance possibly (<■). 



10. „ ((^alpicarpum) Roxburgbii, a tetanus-producing alkaloid, 

 diflerini^ from above. 



11. Kopsia (Calpicarpum) albiflorum, contains an alkaloid. 



12. Vinca rosea. L., contains an alkaloid. 



13. Alstonea (Blaberopus) villosa, contains an alkaloid (see Alstonia). 



14. Voacanga Orchipeda, (cX and a bitter alkaloid, soluble in ether. 



15. Tabernaimontana sphajro-carpa, Bl,. contains an alkaloid. 



16. Rhincodia (Cercocoma) macrantha „ 



17. Chonemorpha macrophylla ,, 



(a) OPHIOXYLIN (Dulong's Plumbagiu), see No. 1 above. CibH,.,Os or 

 CjgHa.iOis; orange crystals of tetragonal system ; M.P. 71-8°; burning taste ; 

 resembles Juglone. 



Soluble ill alcohol, in water sparingly, very soluble in chloroform, 

 petroleum ether and carbon bisulphide. 



(h) AN ALKALOID, giving blood-red with nitric acid (from 1 and 2 above). 



((■) A BROWN SUBSTANCE, soluble in ether with blue fluorescence (from 

 1, 2, 3, 7, 11, and 14, above). 



(r/) AN ALKALOID, crystalline and poisonous, with sharp burning taste. 

 Salts crystalline i from 3, and perhaps 7, above). 



Friihde's solution produces violet coloration. 



(r) AN ALKALOID, crystalline, colourless, moderately poisonous, soluble 

 in ether (from 4 above). 



(;') AN ALKALOID, insoluble in ether, dissolved by amyl alcohol (from 

 4 above). 



(fl) AN ALKALOID, giving reactions in very dilute solutions (from 

 .') above). Concentrated sulphuric acid with feeble oxidizers, green-^vdeep 

 blue-^iirange. 



(//) AN ALKALOID, crystalline, poisonous, soluble in ether (from above). 



Precipitates with most alkaloid reagents. 



Xo colour reactions. 



ji 24. ARALIA spinosa, A lalidCd- (False Prickly Ash ; the true 

 Prickly Ash = Xanthoxyliim). The bark. Investigator: J. Lilly, P/iar«i. 

 J., 7'., 1882. [For A. quinquefolia, see Panax.] 



ARALIIN G. Yellowish powder, nentral reaction, acrid taste. 

 Soluble easily in water (.saponaceous solution) and dilute acetic acid, 

 scarcely in absolute alcohol (sol. in dilute alcohol;. Insoluble in ether, 

 chloroform, or benzene. 

 Reactions : 



Alkaline hydrate.s, no effect — amber colour on boiling. 

 (Ammonia, no effect.) 

 [Lead acetate, neutral, no ))p.] 



Lead acetate basic, pp. from wtiich Araliin may be removed by alcohol. 

 Tannic acid, no pp. cold, but pp. hot (the substance is, however, 

 liable to be carried down in the cold by the pp. formed with other 

 matters in the bark). 

 [Platinum chloride and other alkaloid reagents, no pp.] 

 Concentrated sulphuric acid, decolourizes and produces the odour 



characteristic of the plant. 

 Nitric acid, no action. 

 Hydrochloric acid, as sulphuric acid. 



