DICTIONARY OF THE ACTIVE PRINCIT'LES OF I'LANTsi. 



Potassic hydrate (strong solution) converts gradually upon heating to 

 propaascinic acid, which is further changed (see below). 



Precipitated by basic lead acetate. 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, yellow ~>- red with water, gray flocks 

 being precipitated. 



(-) PROP/ESCINIC ACID G. (occurs naturally and producible from above). 



Soluble in alcohol and water. 



Precipitated by basic lead acetate and by acids. 



Potassic hydrate (strong solution)- — compare above — converts into 

 fescinic acid and propionic acid. 



(/') /ESCimC ACID G. (occurs naturally, and producible artificially from 

 Argynesciu and also from Aphrodasscin), C„jHji,0,„ ; crystalline. 



Soluble in hot water (difficultly cold), in alcoholif freshly precii)itated. 

 Insoluble in ether. 



Precipitated by acids and lead acetate (neutral). 



Yields on hydrolysis, sugar and Teloescin, which is also a glucoside (see 

 below). 



(ff) TEL/ESCIN G., CigHjoO^, occurs naturally, and producible from above. 

 Yields sugar and ^Escigeuin (below). In properties it resembles Quinova 

 bitter, which see. 



(/O /ESCIGENIN (from Teliescin), indistinctly crystalline. 



Insoluble in water. Soluble in alcohol. 



Concentrated sulphuric acid and sugar, blood-red. 



(/) CAPSUL/ESCINICACID (from the shell of the nut), C,,,Hi.,Os ; crystalline, 

 subliniable. 



Reactions resemble gallic acid. 



(/) APHROD/ESCIN G., C;,M^.f).^^ ; amorphous substance, the dust of which 

 produces violent sneezing. 



Soluble in water (frothy solution), and in alcohol. 



Dilute alkaline solutions convert on heating to Butyric and -Escinic 

 acids. 



Precipitated by basic lead acetate. 



(/.) QUER/ESCITRIN G., C,,B^fi„. (in leaves and nuts of the horse chest- 

 nut) ; yellow crystalline colouring matter resembling Quercitrin (see 

 Quercus tinctoria). 



Dilute acid, on boiling, decomposes into sugar and Quercetin. 



§ ''^. .STHUSA cyuapium (Fool's Parsley) ; UmheUifera: Investi- 

 gator : Ficiiius, Ka^tii. Arch. 11, l-i4. 



CYNAPINE A., crys. rhombic prisms, alkaline. Sulphate crystalline. 



Soluble in water and alcohol, not in ether. 



A coMiiuelike alkaloid was also found by Walz. 



§ '■'. AGARICUS muscarius ; i-'u/i///. 



MUSCARINE A., deliquescent crystals; M.P. 100' ; tobacco-like odour : 

 no sulilimate ; tasteless, alkaline. Contracts the pupil. 



Soluble ia alcohol or water in all proportions ; scarcely in chloroform. 

 Insoluble in ether. 



Precipitants : 



[Xot by lead acetate, neutral 



or basic] 

 Ferric chloride. 

 Copper sulphate. 



Bromine water, yellow pp. re- 

 dissolving. 



Pp. with most otlier alkaloid 

 reagents. 



AMANITINE, C.-,Hi5N0o (isomer of Choline), yields Muscarine with nitric 

 acid, and evolves trimethylamine on heating. 



§ 10. ALOE {Liliacew), various species as A. Barbadensis (Barbadoes 

 Aloes), A. Bocotrina (Socotrine Aloes), A. Lucida (Cape Aloes), A. ferox, 

 spicata, plicatilis, vulgaris, etc. 



ALOIN B., C„;Hi80r, Tilden (Barbaloin, Socaloin ? see below). Crys. 

 sulphur-yellow needles or granules; soften at 100° and then resinify : 

 neutral, bitter, purgative. 



Soluble in ('lOO parts cold or 10 parts boiling water, also in amyl 

 alcohol, ethyl alcohol, and acetic ether ; very difficultly in ether, and not 

 in chloroform, benzene, or petroleum ether. 



Reactions : 



Alkaline hydrates ) j n i i- 



. ■ ■' ' produce orange yellow solutions. 



Ammonia ) ^ = ■' 



Lead acetate, neutral, no pp. 



„ „ basic, dark yellow pp. (/"conofn/ra/frf. 



*Tannic acid, pp. 



Ferric chloride, green black colouration. 



Platinum chloride, red to violet with Barbadoes and Curacao aloes. 



,, ,, greenish-brown with Socotra and Cape aloes. 



,, ,, yellowish-brown with Xatal aloes. 



Gold chloride, raspberry-red coloration~\.violet. 



* Tests so imirkecl [I.e., *) are applicable to the residue obtained on evaporating 

 the nmvl alcoliol emploved to extract aloiu from a solution pre%-ioasly treated with 

 neutral lend acetate. 



