DICTIONARY OF THE AOTIYE PEINOIPLES OF PLA:^[TS. 



PART I. 



§1. ACHILLEA inillefolium (Milfoil or Yarrow); Compositce ; 

 Europe and N. America — substance («). A. moschatus ('Iva'), (c) 

 and {({). Obtained from the whole plant. 



(n) ACHILLEIN G., C.H^XOu (von Planta) ; amorphous, reddish- 

 brown, bitter, alkaline. 



With boiling dil ute acids is converted into sugar and Achilletin (see below). 



Soluble in water easily (giving yellow solution), in alcohol with diffi- 

 culty. Insoluble in ether. 



Not precipitated by 



Alkalies. | Tannic acid. 



Lead acetate, neutral or basic. | Ferrous sulphate. 



(b) ACHILLETIN (from above), CnHiyNO.,, amorphous, dark brown 

 ]POwder, not bitter. 



Insoluble in water, and with difficulty in alcohol. 



(c) IVAIN B., C,H„0 or C'.jHj.^O:, (von Planta) ; yellow, amorphous, 

 soft resinous (' Terebinthinate '), bitter. 



Soluble in alcohol (yellow solution), not in water. 

 Not precipitated by neutral lead acetate. 



{(I) MOSCHATINE A., C..,Ho-N07 (vonPlanta) ; amorphous, reddish-brown, 

 bitter; melts under water (on water bath). 



Soluble with difficulty in alcohol, scarcely in water. 



§ 2. ACHRAS sapota (' Sapndella Plum') ; Sapoticecr. The kernels. 

 Investigators : Michaud, who describes (a) ; and Bernon (c). From the 



Argan tree (Scijinhicea') of Morocco, S. Cotton (J. Phann. [.'j] 18, 208) 

 has separated ' Arcan'in,' which would seem to be identical with (a). 



(a) SAPOTIN G. (Arganin ? see above), a,,H,.Ao (Michaud): micro- 

 scopic crystals; burning taste; Ifevo - rotatory ([a] D= -32'1 in 

 alcoholic solution) ; M.P. 240° with decomposition. Dilute sulphuric 

 acid, on boiling, yields Saporetin (see below) and sugar. 



Soluble in water easily ; in cold alcohol sparingly, easier hot. In- 

 soluble in benzene, ether, chloroform. 

 Precipitants, etc. : 



Alkaline hydrates, insol. | Fehling solution, vol reduced. 



Lead acetate basic, pp. sol. in excess. | Coucentd.sulpb. acid, garnet red. 

 (h) SAPORETIN, C„H.,.,0,„ (from above). 



Soluble in alcohol and chloroform. Insoluble in water and ether. 

 (<•) SAPOTINE A. (of Bernon). 



Soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform. Insoluble in water, alkalies. 

 Hydrochloride, bitter. 

 Precipitants : 



Mercuric-])otassic iodide, brown. 

 Mercuric chloride, white. 

 Platinum chloride, yellow. 



§ 3. ACONITUM Napellus (Monk's Hood, or Wolffs Bane) ; the alka- 

 loids («), {!>). (ii), with traces or, at times, none of (c) and (e) ; A. varie- 

 gatum («) ; A. Stoerkianum (a) ; A. paniculatum, an alkaloid regarded as 



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