46 



DICTIONAUY 111- Till-: ACTIVB PltlNCI IM.ICS OF I'l.ANTS. 



(r) ADERMANNS ALKALOID NO. I. C„„H„,N04 ; M.P. 138^ Optically 

 aclive ; extiiicted by ether from aciil solution. 



Isomeric with h\(lro-bcrberine (see Berberis), and yielding Berberine 

 on oxidatirm (disputed by Dobbie and Lauder). 



(rf) ADERMANN'S CORYDALINE [Fumarine ? compare (li)], C...,,H._,,N04. An 

 alkaloid resembling Caffeine, and giving following colour tests : 

 Concentrated sulphuric acid, yellow-wviolet. 



., „ „ with potas. bichromate, colours like 



those with strychnine, 

 rriihde s reagent, violet, or green streaked with violet. 

 Seleno-sulphuiic acid, light violet. 

 (p) Adermann also isolated an amorphous alkaloid. 

 (/) BULBOCAPNINE, A., Cj^H.^NoO-, compare {h). Freund and Josephy 

 separated this alkaloid, as well as Corycavine, from commercial ' Cory- 

 daline ' (which conUiined («) also). M.P. ]',l8°-lyu° ; dibasic. 

 Precipitated by alkalies ; soluble in excess. 



io) CORYCAVINE. A.. C.,3H,,N05 ; M.P. 2U°-215°. Less soluble in abso- 

 lute alcoh<il thiui is Corydaline. 



Precipitated by alkalies ; insoluble in excess. 



§ 81. CORYNOCARPUS laevigata (Karakatree) ; Primvlacen- ; New 

 Zealand. The nut. Investigator : W. Skey, Chemical News, 27, 190 

 (1873). 



KARAKIN, G. or B. ; percentage composition, Cfij.jgHj.jsO.,,.,,, (free from 

 nitrogen). Crystallizes in needles arranged as stars ; W.P. lOU' ; feebly 

 acid reaction, bitter, poisonous, producing convulsions. 



Soluble in alcohol and hot water, with difficulty in cold water, and not 

 in ether or chloroform. 



It is absorbed by charcoal. 



Reactiotis : 



Alkaline hydrates ) j- , 

 . • ■' }• dissolve. 



Ammonia ( 



[No pp. tannic acid.] 



Fehling's solution, green pp., with reduction when in certain pro- 

 portions. 

 No pp. Zincic-potassic-sulphncyanide. 



„ Merc uric- potassic iodide. 

 C.inoent'ated sulphuric acid, dark ro^e on warming. 

 Acids generally, dissolve. 



J 8l>. CRAT.a;GUS 0.\yacantha (Thorn) ; NoKar n: The bark. Lerov, 



./. V,7,;/». .1/,.'/., 17, :'.. 



CRAT/EGIN. B. (irayish white crystals ; bitter. 



Soluble 111 water, with ditliculty in alcohol, not in ether. 



5 H.!. CREPIS footida ; C„mjii,/il,r. Investigator : Walz, N. Jahrh. 

 Pi„rnn.. 13, ITl). 



CREPIN : bitter. Soluble iu ether. Not precipitated by lead acetate, 

 neutr.il or basic. 



§ 84. CUCUMIS Melo, Ciinn-hitfii-fw. Substance (a). Investigator : 

 Torosinwii'z, li(pirl. Plinrm., 45 HO. C. Prophetarum and Ecbalinm 

 officinale (which see). Substance (h), Wii.ckler, N. Jahrh. I'liarm.,ll,Z\. 



(a) MELONEMETIN, B. Brown amorphous, emetic. 



Soluble in water and alcohol, not in ether. 



{h) PROPHETIN, G., C.„H.„iO. ? Re-inous, white amorphous, bitter. 



Acids produce prophetein and sugar. 



Soluble in alcohol in almost all proportions, also in ether, with diffi- 

 ciiltv in water. 



Precipitated by tannic acid. 



[Not by lead acetate, neutral or basic] 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, reddish-brown. 



§ 85. CYCLAMEN Euronaium; Primula veris (small quantity in root); 

 Anagallis arveiisi- (very small quantity) ; Limosella aquatica. Primulaceir. 

 Investigators: Saladin. Jmun. Chiiii. Miil.. 6. 417 ; iUrlius, X. Rfpert. 

 Pharm., 8, 388 ; Hilger and Mutschler, Ann. Chen,. Pharm., 185, 2)4, and 

 others. 



(a) CYCLAMIN, G., (Primulin, Artbanitin), CooH.^O,, or CjeHjsO.g (G. 

 Michaud), crystalline (Saladin), or amorphous (De Luca) ; M.P. 2.^0° ; 

 neutral reaction ; sharp taste ; feebly laevo-rotatory. The ])owder causes 

 sneezing. Acids give Cyclamirelin and sugar. Resembles Saponin. 



Soluble in water after exposure to moi-t air ; the solution is frothy ; 

 dissolved also by methyl and amyl alcohols, acetic ether, glycerine ; 

 sparingly in absolute alcohol (Mutschler pives solubility for 9(5 per cent, 

 alcohol, 1 in 71). Insoluble in ether, chloroform, benzene, petroleum 

 ether, or carbon bisulphide. 



Precipitants : 



Lead acetate, neutral. 

 Silver nitrate. 

 Copper sulphate. 



Fehling's solution, white pp., no 

 cuprous oxide formed. 

 [No pp. Cadmium-potassic iodide.] 



