DICTIONARY OP THE ACTIVE PRINCIPLES OF PLANTS. 



SS 



Soluble in alcohol and in a mixture of ether with alcohol, but diffi- 

 cultly in water. 



(<,•) GENTIANIN (gentianic acid; Gentisin), C]jH,„05 = C,.,HjO„(()CH,,) 

 (OH).j ; yellow crystals, neutral reaction, not bitter. 



Soluble scarcely in water, and with ditticulty in alcohol or ether. 



Alkalies give red coloration. 



(</) 6£/V7"/S£//V = Gentisin less 1 methyl group = OiaHgO,, ; yellow 

 crystals; acids give deep red precipitates; dyes wool yellow (with 

 alumina mordant). 



§ 111. GEUM urbanum ; ItosKi-ea. Investigator: Huchner, l/rjxii. 

 Phann., 85, 1S4. 



GEUM BITTER ; amorphous, yellow, neutral. 



Soluble in alcohol and ether, with ditticulty in water. 



Forms compounds with potash, lime and lead oxide that are soluble in 

 alcohol. 



Dissolved by alkalies. 



§ n-J. GLEDITSCHIA triandra ; Le</iim!iios(r. 



GLEDITSCHINE A. ; resinous amorphous powder. 



Soluble in alcohol, not in water. Salts crystalline. 



§ Ua. GLOBULARIA alypum ('Wild Senna' of Germany), Sela- 

 giiiaceir. Investigators ; Walz, A^. JaJirh. Phann., vols. 7 and 13; Heckel 

 and Schlagdeuhauft'en, Ann. C'/iim. I'liijs., [.0], 28, ii7. 



(a) GLOBULARIN G., C.,„Hj,Oij (Walz), or Ci5H5„0„ (Heckel and Schlag- 

 denhauffen) ; amorphous, bitter, neutral powder. Acids give rise to 

 sugar and GlolmlareOu, Q^.^.fi,, (Walz), or CsHbO (Schlagdenhauffen) ; 

 a substance yielding cinnamic acid on decomposition. 



Globularin is soluble in water and alcohol, but not in ether. 



Precipitated by tannic acid. 



GLiimiLAREsix (not the derivative of Globularin) is an agreeable 

 smelling resin. 



§ 114. GLYCYRRHIZA glabra (Liquorice), G. echinata, Chryso- 

 phyllum glycyphl(jL-um ; Leyuiiiinostr — Papilionacetp; also in Juglans regia 

 (walnut). 



GtyCYRRHIZIN; C.,jH„3N0ig (an acid ammonium salt of Glycyrrhizic 

 acid); prismatic needles from glacial acetic acid solution ; M.P. 200° ; 

 optically inactive, acid reaction, bitter-sweet taste. 



Soluble in hot water (gelatinous cold), in alcohol (sparingly if abso- 

 lute), and in warm ether (Dragendorff says almost insoluble). 

 Reactions : 



Alkalies dissolve reddish-yellow, with characteristic odour. 



Ammonia, reddish-yellow solution. 



Lead acetate, neutral or basic, precipitates (the alcoholic solution). 



Salts of heavy metals give pp. (Habermann). 



[Cadmium-potassic iodide, no pp.] 



Sulphuric acid, precijiitates from aqueous solution. 



§ 1 1 Ti. GONOLOBUS condurango ; Aidepiadarea-. The bark. In- 

 vestigators: G. Carrara, see J. C!i. Soc, 91, 1H87; also Vulpius. (A 

 wax CidHsqOo, M.P. ;yl°, and Cinnamic acid are also present.) 



GONOLOBIN G. (Carrara's Glucoside), CjoHj^b : yellow powder; 

 M.P. 112'. 



Soluble slightly in water and alcohol ; not in ether or petroleum ether. 



Not precipitated by iodo-potassic iodide or mercuric-potassic iodide. 



Another glucoside apparently also present, but details as yet dis- 

 cordant. 



§ IIG. GRATIOLA officinalis (Hedge Hyssop) ; Scropli ulariacea:. In- 

 vestigator : Walz, Jahrh. Phann., vols. 14, 21,24 ; and N.Jdhrb. Pliarm., 

 vol. 10. 



(o ) GRA TIOUN G., Cj.jH.jsOu or CjoH^jOu ; crys. needles from water ; 

 M.P. 200° without change ; bitter, poisonous (slows heart's action). Acids 

 split into (Tratio/etin, Gratiolaretin, and sugar. 



Soluble in 8'JS parts cold water or 47G boiling, in alcohol, chloroform, 

 benzene, and in 1,000 parts cold or 6G6 boiling ether. 



It is removed from acid aqueous solutions by chloroform and benzene, 

 but not by ether. 

 Reactions : 



Ammonia dissolves (water reprecipitates). 

 [Not precipitated by lead acetate, neutral or basic] 

 Precipitated by tannic acid. 

 Colour tests : 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, orange'N^.brown'wred at edges (water re- 



preci])itates). 

 Concentrated nitric acid, yellow (water reprecipitates). 

 (i) GRATIOSOLIN G., CisHieCo or CjoHjaO;; ; red or yellow powder; 

 amorphous or crystalline ; M.P. 125° : bitter, with characteristic odour ; 



