5(i 



DICTIONAIIV OF TllK ACTIVK I'KI NC r IM.KS OF IM.ANTS. 



poisonous. Acids readily change into sugar and GratioHolrlin, which is 

 very bitter and gives precipitate with tannic acid. 



Solubility (of Gratiosolin) 1 in 7 parts cold or 5of boiling water, H cold 

 or 2 bolinj; alcohol, 1,70:) cold or 1,100 boiling ether. 

 Reactions : 



[No precipitate by lead acetate, neutral or basic] 

 Tannic acid, pp. 

 Colour tests : 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, brownish-red ) (water precipitates 

 Xitric ai-id, dissolves ( yellow). 



§ 117. GUACHAMANIA toxifera ; Apnuynacea: 



GUACHAMANINE A. ; amorphous, yellow, resinous, alkaline, bitter. Salts 

 amori)hou.«. 



Soluble ill water, not in alcohol. 



Precipitated by alkaloid reagents. 



§ 11><. HARMALA (Pegannm Harmala) ; Zi/pnpliylldcew. The seeds 

 — about 'J-; per cent, (a), and \\ per cent. (h). Fritsche, Am). Cliem. 

 Plwrm.. vols. (U, (3ft, 72, 88, 92. 



((/) HARMALINE A., Ci3H,4N.,0 ; colourle.ss rhombic octahedra, but salts 

 yellow aud fluorescent ; M.P. 2.^S° (with decomposition) ; alkaline re- 

 action, slightly bitter (saliva becomes coloured yellow. 



Soluble in i,(;00 parts water at 0° C, in hot alcohol, with difficulty in 

 cold alcohol aud ether, slightly in petroleum ether and turpentine. 



Precipitants 



Alkaline hydrates 



„ carbonates. 

 Ammonia hydrate. 



„ carbonate. 



Platinum chloride, light ye 



microscopic crys. 

 Potass, ferrocyanide, red. 

 Acids and salts precipitate from solutions. 

 (h) HARMINE A., CjjHi.jN.^O; colourless, glittering rhombic prisms; 

 salts either colourless or slightly yellow, showing blue fluorescence ; 

 M.P. •J'lG'-'J.'u", with sublimate ; reaction alkaline ; taste bitter (in alco- 

 holic solution, but not the solid). 



Soluble with difficulty in water, alcohol (cold), or ether; more easily 

 in hot alcohol. 



Potass, ferricyauide, pp. oily, 

 changing to greenish-blue crys. 



Potass, sulphocyanide, yellow 

 erj'stalline. 



Potass, bichromate (acid soln.), 

 pp. oily, becoming crystalline. 



Mercuric chloride, white. 



Preciptants: 



Alkaline and ammonia hydrates and carbonates. 



Platinum chloride, yellow amorphous, becoming crystalline. 



Potassium sulphocyanide, white crystalline. 



„ chromate, i)p. decompo.sing with formation of bichromate. 



„ bichromate. 



Mercuric chloride, white. 

 § lilt. HEDERA helix (Ivy); Araliiicea:. Investigator: Vernet. 

 Bericlilc il. C/i. (71 v., 14, ()8.'), and others. (For Carotin, contained in the 

 leaves, see Daucus. ) 



{(i) HELIXIN G.(Hedera Glucoside), 



C.,.,H,jO,| (Vernet), or C3.,H,,0,„+2H„0 

 (H. Block); crys. needles; M.P. 2:W ; loevo-rotatory ([a]l)= — 47"5°) ; 

 acid reaction, slightly bitter-sweet taste. Acids convert to a non- 

 fermentable sugar, which reduces Fehling"s solution, and a substance 

 CaiHjjOe ; see (i). 



Soluble in alcohol, hot benzene, and hot acetoue ; with difficulty in 

 ether and cold benzene, and not in water, chloroform, or petroleum ether. 

 Reactions : 



Alkaline hydrates dissolve with green colour when hot. 



Ammonia, dissolves yellow. 



Lead acetate, neutral pp. 



Ferric chloride, green coloration. 



[Fehling's solution not reduced till the Helixin has been boiled with 



acid.] 

 Potassium sulphocyanide, rose coloration (not permanent). 

 [Mercurous nitrate, no action.] 

 Colour tests : 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, bright red. 



,, ,, ,, with potassium bichromate, red, be- 



coming green. 

 Nitric acid, no colour. 

 Hydrochloric acid, yellow. 

 (6) HELIXIGENIN (suggested name), from preceding substance bv action 

 of acids, CfiHj.Os; M.P. 27tr-280° ; dextro-rotatory ([a]D=+42-6''). 

 Solubility similar to that of Helixin. 



§120. HELIOTROPUM Eurojiajum. Cynoglossnm vnlgai-e, etc.; 

 Biiriiifiiiurfir. Investigators : Battandier, Repert. Pharm., vol. 32 ; 

 Schlagdenhauffer, Buchheim, and others. 



