DICTIONARY OF THE ACTIVE PRINCIPLES OK PLANTS. 



59 



[Fehling's solution not reduced.] 

 Mercuric-potassic iodide, turbidity. 

 Hydrochloric acid warm, bluish-violet to green. 



§ 1-JS. IPECACUANHA, etc. ; Ruh'iarefr—Cmrhonarr,,, Vlolacen; etc. 

 Emetine in the following : Cephfelis Ipecacuanha (Hooper found fol- 

 lowing quantities of (o) in plants grown in India : root I'TO, leaves 1'45, 

 stalk I'l.'i per cent. ; none in seed — Fliickiger) ; Ronabia emetica, 

 Richard. (Psychotria emet., L.) ; lonidium Ipec, Venten (Viola Ipec, L.) ; 

 I. indecorum, St. Hil. ; Richardsonia scabra, St. Hil. (Richardia .scabra, 

 L.) : doubtful in Chiocooca racemosa — Rub'iaceir ( = Cainva root, see 

 Chiococca). The substances (Jj) (r) in Viola odorata (violet) the root. 

 [For ' White Ipec. from Lsle de France ' see Tylophora ; for ' East India 

 Ipec' see Chama;lirium.] 



(o) EMETINE A. Numerous formula have been suggested by Lefort, 

 Wiirtz. and others, viz. : C.,8H,„N,05, C3„H.„N08, Cj^H-sNOa, C,„H.„NO],„ 

 C37H.,-NO,„, C'lsH^NO,., C,„Hj„N.,65, the latter by H. Kunz. Amorphous 

 or crystalline (needles or plates) ; M.P. 50°-7U° (different observers) ; 

 optically inactive, bitter, alkaline, fluorescent (blue), emetic. 



Soluble slightly in cold water, or 1 in 1,000 at 50° C, very readily in 

 alcohol and chloroform ; also in hot ether, hot petroleum ether, in 

 benzene, methyl and amyl alcohols, oils, turpentine, acetic acid. Dis- 

 solved difficultly by ether and petroleum ether in the cold. 



Removed from alkaline solutions by chloroform, amyl alcohol, and in 

 traces by benzene and petroleum ether. Not extracted by solvents from 

 an acid solution. 



Precipitants : 



Alkaline hydrates. 



Ammonia. 



Alk. carbonates i ■ i i i • 



, . , . insoluble in excess. 

 ,, bicarbonates i 



Tannic acid, pp. if a little free hydrochloric acid ; 1 in ,0,000. 



Picric acid, yellow amorphous ; 1 in 2."i,00O. 



Platinum chloride, yellowish-white ; 1 in '2JA)0. 



Gold chloride, lemon-yellow amorphous ; 1 in 'i,.')00. 



Potass, ferrocyanide, 1 in 1,000. 



„ sulphocyanide, yellow ; 1 in '2,r)00. 



„ chromate (avoid excess), 1 in 5,000. 



„ bichromate, gradually yellow ; 1 in 3,000. 

 Phospho-molybdic acid, yeUow ; 1 in '25,000. 



lodo-potassic iodide ) , . 

 - ,|lm: 



Bismuth-potassic iodide 



Cadraium-pota.ssic iodide, yellow amorphous ; 1 in 25,000. 

 Mercuric-potassic iodide, yellow amorphous ; 1 in 25,000. 

 Mercuric chloride, white : 1 in 1,000 ; cloud in 3,000, 

 Potassic nitrate I , ■, 

 Sodic „ ) ^^'*«- 



Colour tests : 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, dissolves slowly, dirty brown. 



„ „ „ with potass, bichromate, brown. 



,, ,, „ with nitric acid, brownish-green. 



Nitric acid, yellowish-brown. 



Friihde's reagent, red changing gradually to green ; 1 in 100,000 

 (reliable, DragendorfE) ; concentrated hydrochloric acid added to 

 this, deep blue. 

 (//) VIOLINE A. (possibly Emetine?) ; pale yellow amorphous, fusible, 

 bitter, emetic. 



Soluble in water more readily than Emetine ; in alcohol less readily 

 than Emetine ; scarcely in ether. 



{r)VIOLA-QUERCnRIN G., C,Mi.,0.,i ; yellow crystalline ; convertible by 

 acids into :! molecules of sugar and 1 of Queroetin (see Quercus tinctoria). 

 Gives fluorescent solutions with alkalies, 



§ 12',t. ISATIS indigofera (Indigo), I. tinctoria (Woad), Cnicifern:; 

 Nerium tinctorium, Calanthe veratrifolia, Tankewillia cantonensis. Poly- 

 gonum tinctorium. The leaves of Crotolaria retu.sa (L.), Leiiuiii.inoscE(see 

 also Leguminosae Indian) ; also in the urine of man and ox. 



INDICAN G., Coi3H.jjNOi7 (Schunk) ; amorphous, yellow, syrupy (decom- 

 poses on drying) ; acid reaction, bitter taste ; decomposes in aqueous 

 solution. Dilute acids give Indif/o, CsHjNO, and Indiglucin, CeHijOg, 

 with other products. 



Soluble in alcohol and water, difficultly in ether (insoluble, Dragendorff ). 

 Reactions : 



Alkalies decompo.se with production of Indiglucin, etc. 

 Precipitated by lead acetate neutral and basic. 

 Fehling's solution, reduced. 



§ 130. ISOPYRUM thalictroides ; Ranunculaccw. 



(a) ISOPYRINE A. ; yellowish- white bitter powder ; h3-drochloride 

 amorphous. 



