ilCTIONARy OF THE ACTIVE PRINCIPLES OF PLANTS. 



61 



Colour tests : 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, pale rose-red. 



„ nitric acid, dirty brown. 



Friihde's solution, indigo blue, yellow on addition of water. 



§ 135. LEGUMINOS.a: Indian. Investigated by Greshoff. 

 Derris ( Pnni^auiia ) elliptica — Benth. ; tbe root cortex, subs- tance («). 

 Pachyrbizus augulatus— Eifb. ; asubstance ' Pachyrbizid,' jiossibly iden- 

 tical with (a). Erythrina (Stenotropis) BroteroT — Hasslf. ; E. (Hypo- 

 phorus) subumbrans (b). Crotolaria retusa contains Tndican(see Isatis), 

 and an alkaloid found also in C. striata, L. ; a strong poison, probably 

 related to Cytisine, Sparteine, etc. Millettia atropurpurea — Benth., a 

 poisonous glucoside resembling Saponin. Acacia tenerrima — Jungh., the 

 cortex contains a bitter poisonous alkaloid, soluble in ether and 

 chloroform. Pithecolobium bigeminum, P. .'aman ; substance (c), coitex 

 of former gave 0-8 per cent. 



(ri) DERRID B. (Pachyrhizid ? see above). Nitrogen free ; slightly acid 

 reaction ; sharp taste. Powerful fish poison at 1 in 5,000,000. 



Soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, amyl alcohol, slightly in water. 

 Reactions : 



Alkaline hydrates (solution), dissolves slightly. 



., „ on fusion, give salicylic and protocatechuic acids. 



(I,) ERYTHRINE A. Poisonous. 

 Soluble in ether. Sulphate crystalline. 

 Precipitants : 



Tannic acid. I Potass, bichromate. 



Picric acid. Mercuric-potassic iodide. 



Platinum chloride. | Mercuric chloride. 



Gold chloride. : Iodine solution. 



Platinum sulphocyanide. 

 ('■) PITHECOLOBINE A. Amorphous; burning taste; acts corrosively 

 on the skin : tibb poison, 1 in 400,000. Salts crystalline. Milky solution 

 with water. 

 Precipitated by : 



Picric acid, 1 in 100,000. 

 Mercuric-potassic iodide, limit, 1 in 200,000. 

 § i:i(j. LINARIA vulgaris; ScrnphicUmacec'. Investigator: Walz., 

 Mrh. I'hwm., 27, IG. 



(«) LWARIN B. Crystalline, bitter. 

 Soluble in water and alcohol. 



[Lead acetate, neutral or basic, no pp.] 



Precipitated by tannic acid. 



(h) LINARACRIN. Yellowish-brown, amorphous, resinous ; taste pungent. 



Soluble in ether, not in water. 



((■) UNARESIN. Yellow. 

 Soluble ill alcohol, not in ether or water. 



j 137. LINTIM catbarticum (Purging Has) ; Zincca'-. Investigators: 

 Schroeder, N. Riperl. I'h.. 11, 11, and others. 



UHIN B. Percentage compositic.n, C 62-92, H 4-72, O a2-:!0. Silky needles, 

 chars on heating ; neutral reaction, bitter (in alcoholic solution), 

 purgative. 



Soluble in hot water, not cold ; almost in all proportions in absolute 

 alcohol ; also dissolved by ether, chloroform, glacial acetic acid. 



Removed from acid solutions by ether. 



Reactions : 



Alkaline hydrates) ,■ " , u "„ / • i „ ;„;*.,^„^ 



, . ■' dissolve yellow (acids precipitate). 



Ammonia | ■' \ r r / 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, dissolves dark violet. 



§ 1.^8. LINUM iisitatisfimum (Linseed) ; Linacar. Investigators: A. 



Jorissen and E. Hairs, Joitrii. de Pharm. Ai,f(r.-<. One kilo, of the 



germinated seeds yielded 15 gms. of the glucoside. 



LINAMARIN G. Percentage composition, C 47-88, H . . . N 5-55, O . . . Silky 

 needles; M.P. 134^; neutral reaction ; bitter, odourless. Yields hydro- 

 cyanic acid with the ferment (zymase) contained in powdered linseed. 

 Soluble in alcohol and in its own weight of water, but not in ether. 

 Fehling's solution, not reduced. 

 Ccmcentrated sulphuric acid, dissolves colourless. 



§ i:r.i. LIRIODENDRON tulipifera, L. ('Tulip tree') ; Jlai/nollatea: 

 The root-bark (yield, about 2 to 3 per cent.). Investigator : Emmet, 

 Jonru. Ph., [2], 17, 400 ; Rrpert. Ph., 75, 88. 



LIRIODENDRIN B. ; crystallizes in needles and leaflets; M.P. 82° (part 

 sut.limahlc) ; neutral, bitter ; oxidizes on exposure. 



Soluble in alcohol, ether and hot water; scarcely in cold water. 



Precipitated by alkalies, acids, and neutral salts. 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, dissolves orange-yellow ; water precipitates 

 therefrom a non-bitter resin. 



Nitric acid, dissolves colourless. 



