S4 



DKJTIDNAKV Ol" THE ACTIVE I'Kl NCU'I.KS OF PLANTS. 



Precipitants : 



Alkaline bydrates. 



carbonates. 

 Gold chloride, yellow amorphous. 

 Potassium sulphocyanide. 

 Mercuric chloride. 



Colour tests : 



CoQcentrated sulphuric acid with potass, bichromate, blue. 



Perchloric acid, yellow. 



Friihde's reagent, blue. 

 ((■) HYPOQUEBRACHINE A., C.|H.juN.O. (isomeric with Quebrachiue) : 

 amorphous, yellowish ; M.P. 80' ; alkaline, bitter, salts amorphous. 

 Soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform. 



Precipitants : 



Alkaline hydrates, pp. resinous. 



[Ammonia to concentrated solutions.] 



i"'erric chloride, red coloration with the hydrochloride. 



Sodium platiuic chloride, yellow>~red. 



(iold chloride, yellow^^-violet. 

 Colour tests : 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, violet. 



Perchloric acid, yellow. 



Friihde'.s reagent, violet. 

 (/■) QUEBRACHAMINE A. ; crystallizes iu anhydrous needles or leaflets ; 

 M.P. U-J ; bitter. 



Soluble with difficulty in alcohol, ether, chloroform, or benzene, and 

 scarcely in water. 

 Precipitated by ammonia. 



Other reactions similar to those of (Juebrachine. 



Colour tests : 



Conceutrated sulphuric acid, bluish. 



„ with molybdic acid h„tense blue. 



„ „ with potass, bichromate \ 



§ 1K7. QUERCUS tinctoria (Black Oak); Amentwea- : substance («), 

 which is further found in Chinese tea leaves, vine leaves, Sumach, Carya 

 tomentosa, Khus coriaria, Praxinus leaves, etc. Substance (/<), Quercetin, 

 the derivative of {'i), is also obtainable from Robinin (see Kobinia) and 

 Rutin (see Ruta) ; a similar compound is present in the rhizome of 



Podophyllum peltatum (see Podopbyllo-quercetin). Compare also Rham- 

 I netin (ste Rbamnus infectorius). 



((/; QUERCITRIN (J. (Quercimelin; not identical with Ratin, Robinio, 

 ( Rbamuin, Morindin, or Thuyin), C^uHsaO.j, (Liebermann), or C.j,H.„0|., 

 (Herzig and Smoluchowski, January, IHy.i). Yellow microscopic plates ; 

 loses waterat 10U°, anhydrous at lii.'j ; M.P. between llio and 2IMJ , giving 

 some sublimate of Quercetin ; neutral reaction, bitter (in alcoholic solu- 

 tion). On hydrolysis, Isoldulcite and (Quercetin are formed. 



Solubility, 1 in "2,4;i.') cold water or 14^) boiling ; '2'.'> parts cold 

 alcohol or H-'.l boiling ; also in amyl alcohol and warm acetic acid ; 

 scarcely in ether ; not in benzene, chloroform, petroleum ether, or carbou 

 bisulphide. 



Reactions : 



Alkaline hydrates ) ,• , ,, 



, ■' [■ dissolve yellow. 



Ammonia \ 



Lead acetic, neutral or basic, orange pp. solution in acetic acid. 



Ferric chloride, dark green coloration. 



Gold chloride, reduced in the cold with precipitation of gold. 



Silver nitrate, similar reaction (precipitation of silver). 



Fehling's solution, reduced after boiling. 

 (i) QUERCETIN G. -derivative [ = Rhamnetin (Stein I ; Meletin, Mouo- 

 hydroxi-fisetin (J. Herzig)] ; C.,H„;0,, or C|jH,„0; iJ. Herzig and 

 Smoluchowski, January, lii'X'>) (Zwenger finds C'ljHu.Og). Crystallizes in 

 yellow needles ; on healing to l:iU , 7 to 1(1 per cent, ot water is evolved ; 

 M.P. 2."i0 : recrystallizing on cooling ; partially sublimable ; neutral 

 reaction, bitter. 



Soluble in 'J'i'.t parts cold alcohol or 18 boiling ; not easily in ether ; 

 scarcely in water, hot or cold ; it dissolves in warm glacial acetic acid, 

 separating on cooling. 

 Reactions : 



Alkaline hydrates, dissolve yellow. 



Ammonia gives yellow solution, changing to red. 



Lead acetate precipitates the alcoholic solution red. 



Ferric chloride, dark green coloration cold or dark red on heating. 



Gold chloride ) 



Silver nitrate >as Quercitrin. 



Fehling's solution J 



§188. RATANHIA (Krameria triandra. Rhatany): Kranienaceie. 



