DICTIONARY OF THE ACTIVE I'RINI IPI.ES (IK PLANTS. 



Investigators; Ruge, .lahrcsb. Clirin., lMi;2, 4'.l3 ; Giutl, Cliem. Cent., 

 18611 and 1870. 



Fereira spectabili», Imbiaceir ; the resin (Angelin Pedra resin) gave 

 86"5 per cent., and the tree 2-45 per cent. Gintl, Wiener. Akad. Ber., 58, 

 44.^. 



Geoffroja surinaraensis (Andira retusa), Lpgumhuisce. — PapUinnacea; ; 

 30 gms. f loin 1 lb. of the bark. Investigators : Huttenschmidt, Mag. 

 Pimm,., 7, -1X1 ; Winckler, Jahrh. Pliann., 2, l.V.L 



The identity of the sab.stauce obtained from the above various sources 

 was suggested by Hintl, and has now been established by Hiller-Bombien 

 {Arcirir I' harm., IS'J:.', 230, ol3). 



RATANHINE, Amido-acid (Angeline, Geoffiroyine, Surinamine, Melhyl- 

 tyrosine), ('|„Hi:,N'03 ; crystallizes in pearly needles or leaflets : M.P. 

 40'-45', with some sublimate ; neutral reaction ; tasteless and odourless, 

 but evolving disagreeable odour on heating. Forms salts with both acids 

 and alkalies. 



Soluble in ;i,-180 parts cold water or rJ5 boiling, scarcely in alcohol 

 (1 in 2,300 boiling), and only dissolved in traces by ether, chloroform, 

 benzene. 

 Beactions : 



Alkaline hydrates \ 



„ cirbonates pp. soluble in excess. 

 Ammonia ) 



[No pp. lead acetate.] 

 Ferric chloride, violet coloration. 

 [No pp. platinum chloride even concentrated.] 



With freshly-precipitated cupric hydrate, a dark blue solution is 

 obtained, which on evaporation deposits violet needles of composi- 

 tion (0,|,H„,N03)oCu. 

 Phospho-molybdic acid, partial precipitation. 

 Mercuric-potassic iodide to Rhatanine salt, partial precipitation. 

 Nessler solution, pp. 



[Mercuric' chloride 7 -.u r t> i i,- n 



[ „ acetate j no pp. with free Ratanhine.] 



Colour tests : 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, colourless. 



Fuming nitric acid, pink, then successively red, bluish-violet, green 



(concentrated nitric acid to Ratanhine .suspended in water, then 



warmed). 

 Pure nitric acid free from nitrous acid, colourless. 



§ 1S!I. RHAMNUS group. RluiuiiHirew ; R. cathartica (Buckthorn), 

 substances («), (i), (r) ; R. infectorius (yielding Avignon berries), R. 

 oleoides, R. amygdaliua and R. saxatilis (furnishing Persian Yellow 

 Berries\ (c«), (h) ; Rhamnus frangula (Alder Buckthorn), substances ((/| 

 and {e) ; Cascani sagrada (Rhamnus Purshiana), ((/), (p). Emodin, (c), 

 is also found in the root of Rheum officinale (Rhubarb), Nephroma 

 lusitanica {Lirlime.''), and as a product of decomposition of Frangulin, {d). 

 Regarding Rbainnetin, compare also Quercetin from Quercus tinctoria, etc. 

 (») RHAMNIN (i. (Gellatlj's Xantho-rhamnin, Rhamnegin : not Fleury's 

 Rhamnin), (_\„H,,0|j (Gellatly) ; crystallizes in microscopic needles or 

 plates, giving yellow solutions ; neutral reaction, nearly tasteless. Acids 

 convert to Rhamnetin and Rhamnin-sugar. 



Soluble in water, alcohol (if absolute spirit, only when hot), and glacial 

 acetic acid ; scarcely in ether, chloroforo), benzene, or carbon bisulphide. 

 Reactions : 



Lead acetate precipitates the alcoholic solution, yellow, but no pp. 



with aqueous solutions. 

 Ferric chloride, olive-green colour if dilute, brownish-red when con- 

 centrated. 

 Silver nitrate, reduction to silver. 

 Fehling's solution, no pp. 

 Copper acetate, brown pp. 

 (6) RHAMNETIN (i .-derivative. (Fleury'.s Rhamnin, Quercetin, see 

 Quercus), (J„H,„i), (Gellatly), or C„jtr,„0,i (Stein) ; crystallizes in yellow 

 quadratic, prismatic plates ; tasteless. 



Solubility varies considerably with degree of dryness. Scarcely soluble 

 in water, though colouring it yellow ; 1 in "18 boiling alcohol, 1 in 70 

 ether, also in phenol. 

 Reactions : 



Alkaline hydrates dissolve yellow : Baryta precipitates therefrom. 

 Aluminic hydrate gives jjrecipitate. 



Ferric chloride to alcoholic solution, brownish green coloration. 

 Black dy«s formed with iron salts. 



Silver nitrate I , j • iu u 



IT. , , • 1 .• reduced in the cold, 

 fehling s solution 1 



Chloride of lime, dark green, or brownish-red with concentrated solu- 

 tion. 



(c) RHAMNO-CATHARTIN ; bitter, purgative, nou-crystallizable. 



(d) FRANGULIN G. (Rharanoxanthin, Kubhs Avornin, Leprince's 



