02 



MCTIIINAKV OF Tin; ACTIVK PRINCU'I.ES OF PLA^•T^^ 



(/<) SOLANEINE G., Cv.Hg,NO,, ? (Firb.is). Amorpbou?, yellow, hoi-uy, 

 M.P. I'liH . 



Soluble in ><.') per cent, alcohol. Acids gives Solaiiidine and sugar. 



{(■) SOLANIDINE A. (G.-derivative). In young .shoots of potatoes, and 

 from Solanine. C„3H,,N0.> (Hilger) or UjqHuiNO.j (Firbas) ; crystallizes 

 in glittering needles ; M.P. '208° ( 191", Firbas) ; aliialine reaction ; bitter 

 and sharp taste. Forms salts difficultly soluble in water. 



Soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, benzene, scarcely in water. 



Removed by chloroform from acid solutions. 



Alkaline hydrates / ■ ,, 



. • ■' > pp. as lelly. 



Ammonia j ^'^ ■' •' 



((/) SOLANICINE A. CjoH^NO, ? Formed from («) by long-continued 

 action of acids. Light yellow crystals from ether ; M.P. ^M", with de- 

 composition; scarcely alkaline, almost tasteless. Salts reddish-yellow, 

 amorphous. 



Soluble scarcely in alcohol, in '2,000 parts boiling ether, not in water. 



{>') JURUBEBINE A. Amorphous (hydrochloride crystalline); bitter 

 taste ; aromatic odour. 



Soluble in aleohol and chloroform, with difficulty in water. 



Xo pp. picric acid or platinum chloride but by most other alkaloid 

 precipitants (F. v. Greene). 



(/•) DULCAMARIN B. Bitter. 



Soluble in acetic ether ; not in ether, chloroform, benzene, or carbon 

 bisulphide. 



Keactions : 



Alkaline hydrates / ,. , jj- u i 



. • •' dissolve reddish-brown. 



Ammonia ) 



Precipitated b}' basic lead acetate and tannic acid. 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, red changing to rose colour. 

 (a) GRANDIFLORINE A. Molecular weight '2?,iVA ; amorphous, bitter, 

 poisonous. 



Soluble in alcohol, not in water. 

 Reactions : 



Alkaline hydrates, evolution of ammonia on heating. 



Ammonia, white pp. 



Tannic acid, cloud. 



Platinum chloride | 



lodo-potassic iodide yellow pp. 



Mercuric-potassic iodide ) 



Colour tests : 



(Joncentrated sulphuric acid, yellow turning red. 



Concentrated sulphuric acid with manganese dioxide, green chaoging 



to violet, then yellow. .-*Vojo-,._ 

 Nitric acid, purplish. 

 §'2011. SPARTIUM scoparium (Broom), or Sirothamnus scoparium 

 (Cytisus scops.), Li'tiumiiiosic. Investigator-s : Stenhouse, Pliilos. Train., 

 1851 ; Mills, Chen,'. Sue. Qu. ./., 15, 1, etc., and others. 



{a) SPARTEINE A., CisH.ioN.^; liquid; sp. gr. greater than water; 

 volatile ; B.P. 27t"-"288° or 'i\ V (different observers; : alkaline reaction ; 

 bitter taste and aniline-like odour. Lievo-rotatory. — 14lj' for D line. 

 Dilates the pupil ; becomes brown on e.\))Osure : sulphate very soluble. 



Soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, petroleum ether, scarcely in 

 water, not in benzene. 



Removed from allai/iiii' aqueous .solutions by ether and petroleum ether. 

 Precipitants : 



Alkaline hydrates j ^^j^^^ -^ ^^^^^^ 

 Ammonia j ' ' 



Lead acetate, neutral > „■ •■„ 

 ' , . white. 



„ ,. basic I 



Picric acid, yellow. 



Platinum chloride, yellow. 



[Xot silver nitrate.] 



[Not potassium ferrocyanide, the compound formed being easily 



soluble.] 



Sodium pbosphomolybdate. white. 



Cadmium-potassic iodide, white (Bamberger). 



Colour tests (negative) : 



Concentrated sulphuric acid ') 



,, ., with nitric acid f , , 



,, ' . . J •.'• •] Vcolourless. 



Concentrated nunc acid i 



Acids generally } 



(h) SCOPARIN G.? C.,,H^..O,„. Pale yellow crystalline or amorphous. 

 Diuretic. 



Soluble in alcohol and hot water (greenish-yellow solution), scarcely cold. 

 Reactions ; 



Alkaline hydrates \ 



„ carbonates ' i 1 1 • u n ~ 



, " . soluble, greenish-vellow. 



Ammonia i 



Barium and calcium hydrates 



