DICTIONARY (IF THE ACTIVE TRINCII'LES OF PLANTS. 



93 



Lead acetate, neutral I n ■ , 



basic I ytll<"vish-greeu pp. 



[No reaciion silver nitrate or mercuric chloride.] 

 5 210. SPIGELIA Marylandica (Carolina Piak, wormseed, perennial 

 ■worm grass). -Lci/diiiarca'. North America. The root. Investigator : 

 ^>udley. A„u-i:./.i'/i., 1, 104. 



SPIGELINE A. Crystalline, volatile, alkaline, bitter. 

 Soluble 111 water and alcohol (not in ether?). 

 Precipitants : 



Meia-iuugslic acid. 



lodo-potasMC iodide, brownish-red. 



Mercuric-potassic iodide, white crystalline pp., soluble in alcohol, 



eiher, etc., and dilute acids. 

 Iodine tincture, lirownish-red. 

 i■^n. STROPHANTHUS Group. Apocnanacea: S. hispidus D.C 

 (• Inr poison ). ii'lj.> per cant, of (i() ; S. Kombc, 0'.)j per cent.; S. 

 glaber, .'> per cent. Aconkathera Ouabais (Arrow-poison), Ouabain = (a)? 

 Taijghiuia veuei.itcra — the kernel of the fruit (which also contains 

 75 percent, of fat), substance (i'). Investigator : Arnaud, see China. Unc. 

 Journ., 188'J-18'JU. 



(«) SfROPHANTHIN G. (Inein V see (b) ; Ouabain V) C._,,,HjjOn, J. R. 

 Fraser (Arnaud found for ' Ouabain,' CaoHjuOj^TH^.O, and for his Stroph- 

 anthiu OjiHjbOj.j). Crystalline from S. Kombr and S. glaber ; amor- 

 phous from ri. nispidus, Arnaud; M.P. 1726 ('Ouabain' 18u"), l.-evo- 

 rotatoiy,'-;j:V8° (' Ouabain ') ; faintly acid reaction ; intensely bitter and 

 poisonous. Acids give glucose and Strophanthidin which is also poisonous. 

 Soluble in water, bd parts cold absolute alcohol, 1,000 amyl alcohol, 

 300 acetone, not in ether, chloroform, or petroleum ether. 

 Reactions (with a 2 per cent, solution; : 

 AlKaliue njdiates 1 



., carbonates ( j- , n 



, ■ > dissolve yellow. 



Ammonia I ■' 



Baryta solution ) 



[Xot precipitated by lead acetate, neutral or basic. 



„ ,, tannic acid, unless concentrated. 



„ „ picric acid.] 



Ferric chloride, greenish-yellow coloi'ation or slight pp. 

 [Not precipitated by jiUitiuum chloride or gold chloride.] 

 Silver nitrate, cloud, then gradually a dark pp. 



Copper sulphate, cloud, then slight pp. 



Fehling's solution, not reduced till boiled. 



Phospho-molybdic acid, emerald coloration ; pale green pp. if in 



quantity. 

 [No reaction with phospho-tungstic acid. 

 „ „ ,, iodo-potassic iodide. 



„ ,, ,, bismuth-potassic iodide. 



„ „ „ cadmium-potassic iodide. 



„ ., „ mercuric-potassic iodide. 



„ ,, ,, mercuric chloride.] 



Mercurous nitrate, cloud, then slight pp. 

 Colour tests : 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, pale-yellow then successively brown, 

 emerald, brownish-black (after 1 minute), dark-green (after 1 hour). 

 Concentrated sulphuric acid with potassium bichromate, greenish- 

 brown. 

 Nitric acid, pale-brown, a series of colours on warming. 

 Hydrochloric acid, yellow, a series of colours on warming. 

 Per-iodic acid, pale brown. 

 (b) INEINE A. Deliquescent, slightly alkaline. 

 'Reactions with most alkaloid reagents.' 



{c) TANGHININ B., C.,-Hj„08 ; rhombic prisms; M.P. 182', h-evo-rota- 

 tory, -1)7°. 



Soluble readily in alcohol, somewhat in ether, swells up in water, 

 insoluble in carbon bisulphide. 



§ 212. STRYCHNOS and various other members of the Liir/aiuacec, 

 Substances («) luni (//) in S. Ignatia, Berg. (S. Amara, L. ; the beans = St. 

 Ignatius' beans, 1 1 to 2 per cent.), S. Nux Vomica. L., the seeds and bark 

 (False Angostura bark), S. Tieute (Deadly Upas tree, Java), S. Colu- 

 brina, L. Investigators : numerous. 



S. (Juianensis (Curare, Arrow poison), ((/). 



Icaya or Akazga bush (Arrow poison), Fraser, 1867, /)/■/'/. and For. 

 Med. Clurur. Rev. ; substance [<'). 



Gelsemium sempervirens (Carolina Jasmine). The root (/), {(j) ; the 

 latter alkaloid isolated b}' F. A. Thompson. For ^Esculin, also contained 

 Iq the root, see ^I3sculus. 



(a) STRYCHNINE A., C.^jH^jN^O., (Commercial Strychnine appears some- 

 times to contain a higher homologue, C.mHojN.jO,, ' Homostrychuine '). 

 Crystallizes from alcohol in four-sided prisms with four-sided pyramidal 



