!)(■) 



DRTIONARY OF THE ACTIVE TRINCIPLES Or I'LANTS. 



Colour tests : 



Concentiated sulphuric acid, red ; or blue first, then red after some 



hours, or on heiiting to 110°- 100^ (compare Narcotiiie). 

 Concentrated sulphuric acid with potassium bichromate, violet. 

 ,, ,, , with sugar, red. 



„ „ ,, with nitric acid, red. 



„ nitric acid, purple. 



(c) AKAZGINE A. (Icajanine) ; amorphous ; fusible, becoming yellow on 

 heating ; alkaline reaction, bitter, poisonous. Tartrate crystalline. 



Soluble in lli.OUO parts cold water, 60 of absolute alcohol or 111 of 

 8,') per cent., 120 absolute ether (more easily in commercial ether) : 

 further, in chloroform, benzene and carbon bisulphide. 

 Precipitants (all following precipitates are amorphous) : 



Potassium sulphocyanide. 



„ bichromate, 



lodo-potassic iodide. 

 Mercuric-potassic iodide. 

 Mercuric chloride, soluble 



warming. 

 Iodine tincture. 

 Stannous chloride. 



Alkaline hydrates 



,, carbonates. 

 Ammonia. 

 Sodium ph<).sphate. 

 Tannic acid. 

 Picric acid. 

 Platinum chloride. 

 Gold chloride. 

 Potassium ferrocyanide. 

 Concentrated sulphuric acid, as Strychnine. 

 (/■) GELSEMINE A., C.^.HagN.Dj or C,,H,,N.^Oj (Gerrad) ; crystallizable 

 with difficulty from alcohol ; M.P. 45" ; bitter ; dilates pupil ; very 

 poisonous. Hydrochloride not readily soluble. 



Soluble in ether, chloroform, carbon bisulphide, benzene ; with ditficulty 

 in alcohol or water. 



Removed from alhiliiie solutions by benzene, etc. 

 Precipitants : 



Alkaline hydrates, .soluble in e.'ccess. 

 [Not lead acetate, neutral or basic] 

 Picric acid, yellow crystalline. 

 Platinum chloride, yellow ; soluble on boiling. 

 Gold chloride, scduble on boiling. 

 [Potassium ferricyanide, reduced.] 

 Colour tests : 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, colourless, or yellow changing to reddish- 

 brown. 



Concentrated sulphuric acid with potassium bichromate, violet-red. 

 „ „ „ with sugar, red. 



,, nitric acid, greenish-yellow. 



('/) GELSEMININE A. ; dark brown, resinous, alkaline. 

 Soluble in alcohol, ether and chloroform ; sparingly in water and 

 petroleum ether. Hydrochloridfi easily soluble. 



Precipitate by ammonia, reddish-colourfd, flocculent. 



; -21:;. SYRINGA vulgaris (Lilac); Oltmw. Substance (a), in the 

 bark during spring (^larch-April), aftpr which period it is renlaced 

 by (h). Walz. Arrh. Phann., vo!=. llir,, 1(|«, 100, 113: also G. Koerne-- 

 and others. Ligustrum vulgare, (//), (r). 



((/) SYRINGIN G. (Hvrlroximethvlconiferin. T,ilaoin probably. C,-H„.0., 

 or C,,H. (OC,.H, ,(),)' (OCHA.ii. ^'(C.HjOH)!^- (Koerner) : cr.-.tallin" 

 hydrate in needles un to half-inch in length ; loses water at 100'-ll-'>°. 

 melts 185°-1'.)0° (l!)r-llt2°, Koerner) : neutral reaction. tasteleo=. Acida 

 convert to sugar ffermpntable') and SvrinCTotrpnin, C,,H,,nj, or 

 OHC„H..(OCH,),C,H,-OH = Hydroximethylconiferyl alcohol, appearing 

 as srray flocks. 



Soluble in hot water, hot alcohol, and in chloroform; with difficulty in 



cold water ; not in ether. 



[Not precipitated by lead acetate or other metallic salts.] 



Colour tests : 



Concentrated sulphuric acid added to the aqueous solution, dark blue, 



turning violet with more acid. 

 Concentrated nitric acid, blood-red. 



,, bydrnehloric acid, colourless ; on boiling, blue flocks 



separate, the fluid becoming vinlet-red. 

 Fri'ihde's .solution, blood-red turning to violet-red. 



(h) SYRINGOPICRIN B.. C,,.H,,0,; ; amorphous, yellow ; M.P. below 100°; 

 slightly acid reaction, bitter. 



Soluble in water and alcohol : not in ether. 

 Absorbed by charcoal. 



[Not precipitated by lead acetate, neutral or basic] 



Tannic acid, pp. 



[No reaction ferric chloride or Fehling's solution.] 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, violet (greenish to brown. Kromayer). 



