66 Morten P. Ponsiup. 
ji 117. Salix groenlandica (Anp.) LuNpstr. (S. arctica var. AUTT.). 
In moist soil. In bogs and moist heath, at water-courses. often in 
river-deltas washed down from alpine habitats; ascends the hills follow- 
ing the rivers from the glaciers and the snow-fields. 
Often pioneer on recently denuded moraine or alluvial soil. 
Very common throughout the whole area. 
Widely distributed in West Greenland, without south limit; in 
the extreme north perhaps replaced by other varieties of S. arctica. 
Under identical conditions this species flowers before the follow- 
ing and is abundantly fruiting. 
Normally covered by snow and often by the ice of the springs: 
perhaps snow-less now and then when growing on the hills. 
i 118. Salix glauca L. 
Forming copses in places favourably exposed to the sun, if only 
abundantly covered by early melting snow, and provided the following 
summers being warm and damp. Thus often on the sunny side of rocky 
walls, these lying sheltered from the wind. 
Besides it is always present in the heath-vegetation, both in the 
dry part and in the moist. It is to be found in bogs right down to the 
lake-shores and is sometimes growing in the most dry and barren places, 
dunes, gravel among boulders and stones, on rock-ledges and in crevices. 
Very frequently used as fuel by the natives. The bushes are pulled 
up in the summer and stacked to dry for the winter. 
Very common throughout the whole area. 
Widely distributed in West Greenland without southern limit. The 
north-limit is not known, but undoubtedly to be searched for north 
of 76°. 
Abundantly flowering and fruiting, except in the most barren 
places. 
In many places snowless. But to the copses the snow-cover is 
absolutely necessary. The long shoots, projecting above the snow,’ are 
usually dying, the copses thus resembling clipped hedges. 
Nevertheless the copse- and espalier-willow is able to stand the 
night-frost, even when the buds and shoots are denuded of snow, if 
only the growth of these have not yet begun. 
The willows of Greenland are much varying, especially S. glauca 
and S. groenlandica. A great part of the variations are directly depen- 
dent on the quality of habitat, and various parts of the same specimen 
often have various forms of leaves. But besides these variations there 
