61. 
=a 
SHRUBS. : 23 
Deciduous Shrubs—Unarmed. 
Leaves alternate or in alternate clusters. 62. 
Leaves opposite or, if separated, in 4 ranks. 174. 
Leaves whorled. 234. 
‘ Leaves alternate. 
Leaves simple or appearing so. 63. - 
Leaves distinctly compound. 149. 
Simple. 
. Leaves extremely small or very narrow. 64. 
Leaves relatively large or broad. 65. 
. Leaves almost scale-like, overlapping. Tamarix. 
Leaves elongated, separated. Spiraea. 
. Stipule-scars encircling the twig: buds large. Magnolia. 
Stipule-scars not encircling the twig. 66. 
. Leaves entire or minutely ciliate or serrulate. 67. 
Leaves distinctly crenate or toothed. 97. 
Leaves lobed. 139. 
Entire. 
. Buds naked, or very brown-hairy, 2-ranked, Asimina. 
Buds with scales, not very hairy. 68. 
. Aromatic. 609. 
Not markedly aromatic. 71. 
With abundant gummy sap when the twigs are cut. Cotinus. 
Not gummy. 70. 
. Leaves mucilaginous, mostly lobed: twigs green. Sassafras. 
Leaves not mucilaginous, never lobed. Benzoin. 
. Lower leaves often opposite. Lagerstroemia. 
Leaves all alternate, or clustered above. 72. 
. Leaves palmately nerved, 2-ranked, rather large. 73. 
Leaves pinnately veined. 74. 
. Leaves nearly round: buds small. Cercis. 
Leaves elliptical: buds long. _ Corylopsis. 
Buds with a single scale: no end-bud. Salix. 
Bud-scales several. 75. 
. Twigs constricted at winter-nodes: bark tough. Dirca. 
Twigs not constricted, or bark not very tough. 76. 
