54 GRAMINEAE, 
2. Leaves white-lined beneath, somewhat flattened. 3. 
Leaves without white lines. 4. 
3. Green. C. pisifera. 
Yellow. C. pisifera aurea. 
4. Green, C. thyoides. 
Glaucous. C. thyoides glauca. 
Partly yellow. C. thyoides variegata. 
5. Branchlets long and slender. C. pisifera filifera. 
Branchlets not elongated. 6. 
6. Dense and heath-like. C. thyoides ericoides. 
Not heath-like. 7. 
. Leaves short, little spreading. 8. 
NI 
Leaves widely spreading. C. pisifera squarrosa. 
8. Green. C. pisifera plumosa. 
White-tipped. C. pisifera plumosa argentea. 
Yellow, when young. C. pisifera plumosa aurea. 
JUNIPERUS. Juniper. Savin. Red Cedar. 
Evergreen shrubs or trees with brown or red ductless wood 
without resin-passages; slender twigs ultimately falling with 
their small scale- or dagger-like opposite or whorled leaves,—in 
some species spreading on young or abnormal growth and closely 
appressed on characteristic plants; small usually cone- or catkin- 
like monoecious naked flowers; and small drupe- or berry-like 
few-seeded fruit. 
1. Leaves in whorls of three. (Juniper). J. communis. 
Leaves opposite. 2. 
2. Fruits on straight stalks. 3. 
Fruits on curved stalks. (Savin). J. sabina. 
3. Fruit several-seeded. J. chinensis. 
Fruit I- or 2-seeded. (Red Cedar). J. virginiana. 
Subdivision ANGIOSPERMAE. Enclosed-Seed Plants. 
Class MONOCOTYLEDONEAE, “Endogens.” 
Family GRAMINEAE. Grass Family. 
A very large widespread and highly important family of 
rarely woody plants, furnishing the principal grains and sugar of 
