64 FAGACEAE, 
wood with minute diffused ducts and occasional thick medullary 
rays accompanying the prevalent very fine ones; rather slender 
often 3-sides twigs with 3-sided or flattened homogeneous pith; 
alternate crescent-shaped or half round somewhat raised leaf 
scars with 3 bundle-traces (or the lowermost broken into a sec- 
ondary group) in a single series; 3-ranked stalked plump buds 
with about 3 exposed scales; rounded or ovate or somewhat lan- 
ceolate denticulate or once or twice serrate petioled simple 
leaves; small monoecious apetalous flowers in catkins or cone- 
like clusters often evident in winter; and minute nutlets in a 
woody cone. 
1. Leaves doubly serrate. 2. 
Leaves simply toothed, or lobed. 3. 
2. Leaves glaucous beneath. A. tinctoria. 
Leaves green beneath. A. rugosa. 
3. Leaves obtuse. 4. 
Leaves pointed. A. japonica. 
4. Leaves dentate or lobed, rather acute-based. 5. 
Leaves closely serrulate, very round-based. A. Mitchelliana. 
5. Leaves lobed. A. glutinosa laciniata. 
Leaves merely dentate. 6. 
6. Leaves green. 7. 
Leaves yellow. A. glutinosa aurea. 
7. Leaves not red-veined. A. glutinosa. 
Leaves red-veined. A. glutinosa rubrinervia. 
Family FAGACEAE. Beech Family. 
A widespread family, especially in temperate regions, com- 
prising few genera but numerous species; the source of such 
“hard-woods” as beach and oak, the chestnuts of commerce, and 
much used for single tree effects and occasionally as street 
trees, 
Facus. Beech. 
Finally large deciduous trees with normally smooth light 
gray bark; brownish rather hard wood with minute diffused 
ducts and fine medullary rays with frequent much heavier in- 
tervening rays; terete moderately slender rather zig-zag twigs; 
