ANACARDIACEAE, 117 
of Japan; notable among the plants of temperate regions as in- 
cluding the very poisonous poison ivy and poison sumach,—the 
former an attractive but ineradicable climber, and the latter an 
unusually beautiful shrub. ‘ 
Ruus. Sumach. 
Deciduous shrubs or straggling small trees with aromatic 
resinous or milky sap; soft reddish or greenish wood with small 
ducts, decreasingly smaller or in wavy transverse pattérns in 
the summer growth, and fine medullary rays; usually stout 
roundish or 3- or 5-sided twigs with large pith of similar shape; 
alternate somewhat raised triangular or C-shaped large leaf- 
scars; roundish sessile buds; pinnate leaves with mostly toothed 
or sometimes incised lanceolate leaflets; small often imperfect 
polypetalous yellowish flowers in axillary or terminal clusters; 
and small often dry drupe-like fruit. The true sumachs are 
sometimes separated as Schmaltzia, and the name Toxicodendron 
used for the poisinous group. 
1. Leaflets three. 2. 
Leaflets 5 or more. 4. 
2. Fruit red, pubescent. R. canadensis. 
POISONOUS. Fruit white, glabrous. 3. 
3. Prostrate or climbing by roots: leaflets thin, 
scarcely lobed. (Poison ivy). 
Bushy: leaflets firm, often deeply lobed. 
R. radicans. 
(Poison oak). R. VYoxicodendron. 
4. POISONOUS. Fruit white, glabrous: leaflets 
entire. (Poison sumach). R. Vernix 
Fruit red, pubescent. 5. 
5. Rachis winged between the leaflets. 6. 
Rachis not winged. 7. 
6. Leaflets entire, glossy, glabrous beneath. R. copallina. 
Leaflets toothed, hairy beneath R. javanica. 
Fu ALAUEOUS, a. : 
Hairy. 9. 
8. Leaflets serrate. R. glabra. 
Leaflets deeply cut. R. glabra laciniata. 
