130 RHAMNACEAE, 
mous greenish-white polypetalous flowers in small lateral clus- 
ters; and elongated 2-seeded small drupes. 
Leaves with about 8 pairs of veins, cordate. B. racemosa. 
Leaves with about Io pairs of veins, not cordate. _B, scandens. 
CEANOTHUS. New Jersey Tea. 
Small deciduous half-shrubs, in the east, with red-brown 
wood with minute ducts diminishing in size and number through 
the season, and fine medullary rays; slender roundish twigs; 
re'atively large roundish homogeneous pale pith; alternate some- 
what raised small crescent-shaped leaf-scars with 3 bundle- 
traces; narrow. stipule-scars; ovoid hairy buds with encircling 
linear stipules, mostly developing the first season; simple 
stalked serrate palmately-nerved relatively large leaves; small 
perfect white or bluish polypetalous flowers in dense terminal - 
clusters; and smali rounded few-seeded half-inferior capsule, 
the lower half of which persists as a cup. 
Leaves ovate. C. americanus. 
Leaves elliptical-oblong. C. ovatus. 
RHAMNUsS. Buckthorn. 
Deciduous shrubs or small trees with rather hard usually 
brown wood with minute ducts diffused (in Frangula) or in 
more or less anastomosing radial patterns; rather slender 
roundish twigs, sometimes spine-tipped: small continuous pith; 
alternate or opposite transverse or half-round low leaf-scars 
with 3 simple or compound bundle-traces; small stipule-scars or 
stipules; opposite or 4-ranked scaly buds (or more or less 
stalked alternate naked buds in Frangula) ; simple finely toothed 
petioled lanceolate leaves; small greenish more or less imper- 
fect polypetalous flowers solitary or few in the axils; and 
drupe- or berry-like rather small fruit with a papery envelope 
to each of the few seeds. 
1. Buds scaly: leaves opposite or 4-ranked. 2. 
Buds naked: leaves not opposite. (Frangula). 3. 
2. Branches often pungently tipped. R. cathartica. 
Unarmed. R. lanceolata. 
