162 OLEACEAE, 
CHIONANTHUS. Fringe Tree. 
Large shrubs with white wood with about 1 ring of small 
vernal ducts, broad radial or flame-shaped wood-parenchyma 
pattern in summer, and very fine medullary rays; more or less 
4-sided or 4-lined rather stout warty twigs; compressed or an- 
gled homogeneous pale pith; opposite raised and often decur- 
rent crescent-shaped leaf-scars with a crescent-shaped aggregate 
bundle-trace; no stipule-scars; round-ovoid solitary sessile buds 
with a number of pungently pointed exposed scales; simple 
‘rather large petioled entire leaves; perfect or polygamous 4- 
merous flowers with long white nearly separate corolla lobes, in 
more or less leafy axillary clusters; and purple drupes. 
Leaves acuminate, glabrate. C. virginica. 
Leaves not acuminate: petioles hairy. C. retusa. 
OsMANTHUS. Fragrant Olive. 
Evergreen shrubs or small trees with pinkish close wood 
with few uniform minute ducts in a flame-like pattern and very 
fine medullary rays; rather slender somewhat compressed twigs; 
roundish continuous pith; opposite rather small shield-shaped 
slightly raised leaf-scars with a crescent-shaped compound bun- 
dle-trace; no stipule-scars; spreading ovoid or conical sessile 
buds, sometimes superposed, with 2 exposed scales; rather large 
leathery lanceolate petioled leaves; small sometimes imperfect 
openly conical gamopetalous white flowers in small a pani- 
cles; and small 1-seeded drupes. 
Veins pointed at both ends and entire. O. americanus. 
Leaves blunt at base, serrulate: petiole channeled. O. fragrans. 
LicustTrRuM. Privet. 
Deciduous or half-evergreen shrubs with pale or smoky 
wood with small diffused ducts and fine medullary rays; rather 
slender roundish or compressed twigs; roundish homogeneous 
pale pith; somewhat raised opposite roundish or transversely 
elliptical leaf-scars with one compound bundle-trace; no stipule- 
scars; solitary sessile ovoid buds with about 2 pairs of exposed 
scales; simple entire very short-stalked moderately small leaves; 
