168 ScROPHULARIACEAE, 
SOLANUM. 
Usually herbs, (potato, egg plant, etc.) ; the following (bit- 
tersweet) a soft-wooded perennial twining climber with alternate 
leaves; wheel-shaped perfect violet flowers in stalked clusters 
from above the axils; and ovoid red berries. 
Leaves cordate or hastately lobed or divided. S. Dulcamara. 
Family SCROPHULARIACEAE. Figwort Family. 
A large family, chiefly herbaceous, including foxglove, snap- 
dragon, etc., of the gardens, and such common weeds as mullein 
and speedwell. The following is a street tree as far north as 
Brooklyn. 
PAULOWNIA, 
Deciduous medium-sized trees with rather soft brownish 
wood with small ducts, more or less crowded in spring and tan- 
gentially seriate in summer, and fine medullary rays; stout round- 
ish twigs flattened at the nodes; roundish large pith, chambered, 
or excavated between the nodes; opposite somewhat raised large 
subelliptical leaf-scars with numerous bundle-traces in a single 
series; no stipule-scars; rounded mostly superposed buds with 
several exposed scales; large ovate petioled leaves; violet gamo- 
petalous 2-lipped large flowers in terminal panicles; and ovoid 
capsules with winged seeds. 
Leaves cordate, pubescent. (Imperial tree). P. tomentosa. 
Family BIGNONIACEAE. Bignonia Family. 
A rather small warm-region family including many woody 
climbers, frequent in conservatories, and some trees; occasionally 
yielding valuable timber, such as primavera. 
BIGNONIA. Cross Vine. 
More or less evergreen woody plants, climbing by leaf tendrils; 
with brownish soft wood with large crowded ducts in spring, 
minute scattered ducts in autumn, and unequal medullary rays 
of which 4, consisting of brown bast, may be conspicuous in the 
form of a cross; rather slender twigs square or somewhat flat- 
tened at the nodes; rounded mostly excavated pith; opposite half- 
round somewhat raised leaf-scars with 1 bundle-trace; no stipule- 
