XIX 
Kaempfert. Darwin gave this name to a species from Japan which was found attached to 
Inachus Kaempferi de Haan, a crab ‘probably from deep water’’. But the same author, when 
describing P. auvantium from Madeira, pointed out that this species “has the closest general 
resemblances to P. Kaempferi and is evidently a representative of it’’. “On close examination, 
however’, Darwin says, “almost every part differs slightly’ and his Monograph contains an 
enumeration of these differences. Thereupon Gruvet, 1903, when investigating specimens of a 
Poecilasma-species, collected at depths varying from 355—782 m. near Cape Bojador, at a 
short distance from Madeira, found that some of these corresponded to Darwin’s ?. Kaempferi, 
and the others to his P. aurantium, but that the differences between the specimens of the 
two sets were unimportant and not sufficient to justify the maintenance of two different species. 
He investigated specimens of P. Kaempferi of the British Museum-collections (whether they 
were Darwin’s types from Japan, or came from Japan at all, he does not say) and his conclusion 
was that the Japan and the Madeira forms belong to the same species, the latter form 
developing moreover into an orange-coloured variety: P. Kaempferi var. aurantium. Hence 
Poecilasma Kaempfert Darwin would also be a species found in both great oceans of the world. 
But these are the only specimens of deep-sea Cirripedes that I know to be observed 
in the Malay Archipelago or eastern seas in general and in the Atlantic Ocean as well: all the 
other deep-sea species of Scalpellum, of Verruca, and other genera, are peculiar to one 
region, or only inhabit, if they are found in any other province, the adjacent one — Australia, 
China Sea, etc. 
A few of the species collected at moderate depths in the region now under consideration, 
but which were never observed attached to floating objects, have also a wide distribution. I 
found them to be the following: 
Oxynaspis celata Darwin Luzon and also: Madeira 
Pollicipes mitella (Linn.) Malay Archipelago » 9 : Madagascar 
Lithotrya dorsalis Ellis Maldives ‘ , : West-Indies ete. 
Balanus calceolus Ellis Malay Archipelago » » + West coast of Africa, 
" concavus Bronn Philippine Archipelago , , : California; Panama; Peru 
,  perforatus Brug. Andaman Isl. »  » : Mediterranean; Atlantic 
m3 trigonus Darwin Malay Archipelago : , : Atlantic; Peru; California 
Acasta cyathus Darwin Gulf of Manaar é. , : Madeira; West-Indies 
Tetraclita porosa (Gmelin) Philippine Archipelago , , : West-Indies; Galopagos etc. 
: serrata Darwin Off Ceylon » 2 Cape of Good Hope; Algoa Bay 
Pyrgoma anglicum Sowerby — Singapore » y : Atlantic; Mediterranean 
Chthamalus stellatus Poli Philippine Archipelago ,  , : Atlantic; West-Indies, Brazil. 
Perhaps Balanus stultus Darwin from Singapore, and Pyrgoma cancellatum Leach, which 
according to BoRRADAILE inhabits the Maldives, and are both recorded by Darwin from the 
West-Indies, but with a point of interrogation, must be added to this list. This may be also 
the case with Balanus declivis Darwin: Darwin instituted the species for a barnacle living 
embedded in sponges at the West-Indies, and WeLrNneR determined as belonging to the 
same species specimens from Batjan, which Martens collected, and which lived with Acas/a, 
