ALE EIX. 57 
the beech and holly, being often very abundant where it 
occurs. 
It somewhat resembles an immature /xufa in shape, 
but a second glance will detect the distinct umbilicus 
and its turreted whorls with the epidermal ridges. It is 
one of those few species of which no one has been ingeni- 
ous enough to find varieties. 
5. H. ACULEATA (spiny) Miller. PI. II., f. 15. 
Pyramidal, turreted owing to its rapidly increasing convex whorls, 
of which there are 4 to 44 ; epidermis raised into ridges in the line of 
growth and produced into spines, which rise in symmetrical fringes 
round the whorls. A. 23mm. B. 25mm. 
This is a beautiful object under a lens. It has a very 
extensive range throughout Great Britain, and also in 
Ireland. It is very abundant round Coleraine. 
Owing to its colour and shape, as well as to the fact 
that its spines facilitate the accumulation of dirt, it is very 
likely to be passed over as a small lump of earth. 
Var. dlbida (Jeff.). Colourless. 
Sub-genus.—VALLONIA Lusso. 
6. H. PULCHELLA (mznutely beautiful) Miller. P\. IV. f., 3. 
Nearly circular, rathersolid, semi-transparent, dull white ; whor/s 33 5 
mouth nearly circular, trumpet-shaped; zmdzlicus wide and 
shallow. <A. Im. B. 2imm. 
This beautiful little shell is found under stones, among 
the roots of grass on stone walls and sometimes on sand- 
hills in most parts of Great Britain and Ireland. Unlike 
Hf, ericetorum, it is more common on the east coast of 
