12 



cantha, Pyrus aucuparia, hybrida and torminalis (all flowers); 

 Spiraea Aruncus, Japonica, sorbifolia (leaves). 



The best material for the production of Amygdalin are bitter 

 almonds. These have to be separated from the bulk of fat-oil by 

 pressing ; they are then extracted with strong alcohol and the latter 

 removed by distillation. The residue is separated from the oil 

 floating upon it, and mixed with half its volume of ether. The 

 Amygdalin subsides, and has to be pressed and recrystallised in 

 alcohol. It crystallises in alcohol with four eqviivalents water in 

 colourless scales of mother-of-pearl lustre (in water with six equi- 

 valents water in prisms), is without odo\ir, of at first sweetish, 

 afterwards bitter taste, and of neutral reaction. It loses the whole 

 of the water at 120°, liquefies at 200°, turns brown and decomposes, 

 while evolving the odour of burnt sugar (caramel), afterwards of 

 hawthorn and at last of animal empyreumatic substances. It 

 dissolves at 8 to 12° in 15 parts water, in boiling water in un- 

 limited quantity; at 8 to 12°, in 904 parts alcohol of 0-819, in 148 

 parts alcohol of 0"939, in 12 pai'ts boiling alcohol of 0"939; not 

 in ether. Its aqueous solution separates by adding dissolved 

 emulsin into hydrocyanic acid, oil of bitter almonds (C14 He O2 ) 

 and grape sugar (Dextrose). 



Aliiylllin = Starch. 



Amyriiii See Arbolabrea Eesin. 



Aimcallllit Tannic Acid = Cie H12 Oio. In the Anacahuit 

 wood (fi'om Cordia Boissieri). Precipitate the aqueous infusion with 

 acetate of lead, treat the pi'ecipitate with acetic acid, filter, pre- 

 cipitate the filtrate with ammonia, wash the precipitate and 

 decompose under water by sulphuret of hydrogen, filter and 

 evaporate. The solution is of a faint astringent taste, precipi- 

 tates chloride of iron with black-gi-een and glue with brown 

 colour. 



Anacardic Acid = C44 H32 O7 . Obtained in combination 

 with lead in the preparation of Cardol. Wash with alcohol, de- 

 compose with hydrosulphide of ammonia, filter ofi" from the 

 sulphide of lead and decompose the filti-ate by sulphuric acid. 

 White, crystalline substance without smell in low temperature, in 

 higher of a peculiar odour and of faintly aromatic, afterwards 

 burning taste. It remains unaffected by heat at 150°, decomposes 

 at 200°, leaves greasy spots on paper; its solution in alcohol has a 

 decidedly acid reaction; dissolves readily in alcohol and in ether, 

 with faint blood-red colour in concentrated sulphuric acid. Yields 

 with bases partly crystalline, partly amorphous salts. 



AncllUSin = C36 H20 0$ (Alkanna-red). The red dyeing 

 matter of Anchusa tinctoria. Remove foreigia colouring matters 

 by extracting with cold water, dry, exhaust with alcohol, distil 



