15 



mouth. Contains volatile oil and two crystalline resins, the one ot 

 which dissolves readily, the other slowly in alcohol. 



AnnattO Red = Cie H13 O2 . The resinous dyeing matter of 

 Annatto (the pulp of the fruit of Bixa orellana). Extract with 

 water, and remove the aqueous solution containing yellow dyeing 

 matter and impurities, dry the residue and extract with alcohol, 

 evaporate the tincture, treat with ether and bring the solution to 

 dryness. Red, amorphous, soluble in alcohol, ether and ley of 

 potash; turns blue with concentrated sulphuric acid. 



AntLocyail. Exhaust with alcohol, evaporate and treat with 

 water; precipitate the blue solution with acetate of lead, decom- 

 pose the green precipitate by sulphuret of hydrogen, filter and 

 evaporate; extract with absolute alcohol and precipitate the 

 solution by ether, which throws down the Anthocyan in flocks. 

 Of amorphous form, soluble in water and in alcohol, turns red 

 with acids, green with alkalies, yields with alkaline earths and 

 oxyd of lead green compounds insoluble in water. 



AlltllOXantliein. Extract with alcohol, evaporate, exhaust 

 with water, evaporate again, treat with absolute alcohol, dilute 

 the solution with water, precipitate with acetate of lead and 

 decompose the deposit with sulphuric acid; the Anthoxanthein 

 remains dissolved, and is obtained by evaporating as an amorphous 

 mass, soluble in water, alcohol and ether; becomes brown by 

 alkalies, and reassumes a pale colour with acids. 



Anthoxanthin, Extract with hot alcohol, filter while hot, 

 and leave to stand in the cold; the A. subsides but mixed with 

 fat, removable by heating with a little alkali, decomposing by acids 

 and extracting with cold alcohol, which dissolves the fat acid. 

 Amorphous, resinous substance of a beautiful yellow colour, 

 insoluble in water, dissolves with gold-colour in alcohol, ether and 

 oils, little in alkalies. 



Antiarin = C28 H20 Oio + 4 HO. In the sap of the Upas- 

 tree (Antiaris toxicaria) which forms an ingredient of the 

 Javanese arrow-poison. The above sap, mixed with alcohol to 

 prevent decomposition, has to be concentrated and exhausted with 

 boiling alcohol, the filtrate is evaporated to honey-consistence, 

 and boiled with water. The A. crystallises in the hot solution, 

 and is pui-ified by rinsing and re-crystallising. Beautiful, silvery 

 leaflets, similar to the malate of lime, losing the water at 112°, 

 fusing at 220°, and decomposing afterwards, of neutral reaction, 

 without smell; dissolves in 254 parts cold and in 27 parts boiling 

 water, in 70 parts alcohol and in 2792 parts ether, more readily 

 in diluted acids and alkalies than in water; not pi-ecipitable by 

 tannic acid. 



Antirrliinic AcW^Digitalic Acid, volatile. 



