16 



Apiin =024 Hi4 O13. In the leaves of Apium graveolens and 

 Carum Petroselimim, Boil the green herb (gathered before the 

 floral season) three times with water, percolate, wash the dark- 

 green jelly obtained on cooling with cold water, dry, treat several 

 times with boiling alcohol, mix the tinctures with water, distil the 

 alcohol, percolate, press the remaining thickish mass, edulcorate 

 with alcohol and boiling ether, and dry. Delicate, white powder, 

 without taste or smell, fuses at 180° without loss of weight, 

 decomposes in higher temperatures, dissolves readily in boiling 

 water and congeals to a jelly on cooling or when mixed with cold 

 water (even one part Apiin in 1500 parts water yields on cooling a 

 thin jelly); dissolves in 390 parts cold alcohol, more readily in 

 boiling alcohol, not in ether. The solution in boiling water assumes, 

 even when highly diluted, a deep blood-red colour with sub-sulphate 

 of iron. Yields sugar when boiled with diluted acids; dissolves 

 readily in caustic alkalies and their carbonates with yellowish 

 colour; jirecipitable by acids as a jelly. 



Aporetiii, Erytliroretiu and Pliaeoretin. Brown or black 

 resins, obtained in analysing the root of rhubarb; they appear 

 to be products of decomposition. 



Apyi'ill. Alleged alkaloid of the seeds of Attalea funifera. 

 Precipitable by oversaturating with ammonia the extract prepared 

 with diluted hydrochloric acid. White powder without smell or 

 taste, little soluble in water. 



Arsicllillic Acid =040 H39 O3 + HO. In the fat-oil of Arachis 

 liyi^ogaea. Saponify the above oil by a solution of caustic soda, 

 decompose the soap with hydrochloric acid, macerate the fat acids 

 with alcohol, percolate, press the remnant and dissolve it in boiling 

 alcohol, collect the laminse formed on cooling and recrystallise until 

 they fuse at 75°. Minute, glossy laminje, assuming a porcelain ap- 

 pearance by keeping, fusible at 75°; not soluble in water, scarcely in 

 cold, readily in hot alcohol, very easily in ether. Its salts are 

 similar to stearates and palmitates, and dissolve as a rule spar- 

 ingly. 



Arl)Olal)rea R^Sill. Presumptively from Canarium commune. 

 Soft, grey-green, of a strong smell similar to turpentine, cubebs and 

 fennel, behaves similar to elemi. Contains a light green-yellow 

 volatile oil, a readily soluble and a sparingly soluble crystalline 

 resin. By treating successively with alcohol of different strengths 

 four different crystalline resins have been extracted, named Amy- 

 rin, Brein, Breidin and Bryoidin. 



Arl)Utin=C24 Hie Oi4-f HO. In the leaves of Arctostaphylos 

 Uva ursi. Precipitate the decoction with subacetate of lead 

 and evaporate the filtrate, freed from lead by sulphuret of hydi'o- 

 gen, to the point of crystallisation; the ciystals have to be 



