S8 



alcoliol with beautiful purple colour, not in ether and oils, readily 

 in solutions -of the hydrates and carbonates of alkalies with deep 

 yellow-red colour, precipi table by acids; in concentrated sulphuric 

 acid blood-red. 



Cai'tliainilS- Yellow, Is withdrawn fi-om the safflower by 

 water. Precipitate the aqueous liquid, acidulated by acetic acid, 

 with acetate of lead; remove the white deposit, neutralise the 

 filtered liquid with ammonia, decompose the dirty orange-yellow 

 precipitate by diluted sulphui-ic acid, remove from the yellow 

 filtrate an excess of sulph^^I•ic acid by means of acetate of baryta, 

 evaporate the filtrate in a retort to a syi-up, and withdraw the C. 

 by absolute alcohol. This solution is to be evaporated under 

 exclusion of the air to the consistence of syrup and mixed with 

 water, whereby decomposed C subsides and the unaltered C. 

 remains dissolved. The solution is of a dark brown-yellow colour 

 and of acid reaction, of a bitter and salty taste, decomposes 

 readily, when allowed to stand or warmed in contact with the air, 

 and throws down brown substances. 



Carveu=C2o Hie. In the oil of caraway, besides carvol; 

 is thin, limpid, of a faint pleasant taste and smell, has a density 

 of 0-861, boils at 173°. 



Carvol =C2o II14 O2, contained, besides carven, in the oil of 

 caraway. Isolate from the crude oil by oft-repeated fractioned 

 distillation, the part which distils at 225 to 230°. Limpid, thin, 

 of the odour of carven, and of 0-953 density; boils above 250°. 



Caryopliyllic Aci(l=C2o Hn O3 + HO. In the oil of cloves, 

 besides a hydrocai'bon isomeric with oil of turpentine, likewise 

 in the oils of pimento and of cinnamon-leaves, in the oils of 

 Canella alba and Dicypellium caryophyllatum. It is usually 

 obtained from the oil of cloves by heating with ley of potash, 

 whereby the hydrocarbon is volatilised; adding sulphuric or 

 phosphoric acids to the remaining liquid and distilling the 

 caryophyllic acid. It is a colourless oil of the smell and taste of 

 cloves and of 1-068 density, boils at 242° to 251°, has an acid 

 reaction, dissolves little in water, readily in alcohol, ether and 

 acetic acid. Its compounds are mostly crystallisable and, except 

 the salt of baryta, readily decomposed by water and alcohol. 



Caryopliy Hill =020 Hie O2. In the cloves (from Eugenia 

 caryop'hyllata). Crystallises in the alcoholic tincture in white, 

 silky, spherically united needles, is without taste or smell and of 

 neutral reaction, begins to evaporate at 280°, without melting, 

 and sublimates completely ; not soluble in water and sparingly in 

 cold alcohol, but dissolves in boiling alcohol and readily in ether, 

 little in diluted acids and in alkalies. 



