48 



boils at 166°, rotates to the right and is of 0-87038 specific 

 gi'avity at 18°. It dissolves in every proportion in alcohol, 

 ether, chloroform, benzol and sulphide of carbon, dissolves iodine, 

 sulphur and phosphorus, and forms with water a crystalline 

 hydrate. It absoi'bs chlorine in large quantities, producing a thick 

 camjDhor-like liquid of the formula C20 II12 CI 4 . — Van Ankum]. 



[Cinchona Alkaloids. F. E. de Vrij gives the following 

 method for the separation and quantitative estimation of the five 

 Cinchona alkaloids — Quiiiin, Cinchonidin, Cinchonin, Quinidin and 

 the amorphous base, soluble in ether. — Mix at least five grammes 

 of the pulverised crude alkaloid with fifty grammes ether, shake 

 repeatedly and allow to rest till the next day. Filter and 

 evaporate the ethereous solution. 



A. Portion soluble in ether. Dissolve the residue in 10 parts 

 proof spirit, mixed with 5°/^ sulphuric acid. Add cautiously of 

 tincture of iodine as long as a precipitate ensues. The precipitate 

 contains the whole of the Quinin as hei'apathit. Collect on a 

 filter, wash with pi'oof sjiirit and dry at 100°. One part by- 

 weight contains 0'565 parts Quinin. 



The filtered liquid contains the cmiorphous base. Add sul- 

 phurous acid in alcohol until colourless, neutralise with caustic 

 soda, drive away the alcohol on the water-bath and precipitate by 

 slight excess of soda-ley. 



B. Portion insoluble in ether. Add 40 parts hot water and 

 diluted acid, until only sliglitly alkaline and a sufficient quantity 

 of tartarate of potassa et soda, stir well and leave to rest till the 

 following day, when Cinchonidin, if present, will have separated 

 under the form of crystals of tartarate of Cinchonidin. Collect ou 

 a filter, wash with a little water and dry at 100°. One i^art 

 contains 0*804 Cinchonidin. 



The liquid after separation is mixed with dissolved iodide of 

 potassium and stirred. Quinidin falls down as a coarse crystalline 

 powder of hydriodide of Quinidin. Collect, wash with little water 

 and dry at 100°. One part contains 0'718 parts Quinidin. 



The filtered liquid contains the Cinchonin, which is obtained by 

 pi'ecipitating with soda-ley, washmg with water and drying.] 



[Cinchona Oily Alkaloid, Howard's = C2o II12 NO 2. Found 



in the mother-ley of Quinin. Obtained by treating the mother-ley 

 with ether, evaporating, dissolving in the smallest possible quan- 

 tity of oxalic acid, crystallising and recrystallising xmder addition 

 of animal charcoal. The alkaloid is separated by carbonate of 

 potash or soda. — A yellowish oil of bitter taste, easily decompos- 

 able by heat, readily soluble in alcohol and ether. Exhibits with 

 chlorizae water and ammonia the reaction of Quinin and Quinidin. 

 Nitric acid produces a green-yellow colour. Of the salts the 

 oxalate crystallises best, the other compounds are exceedingly 



