50 



Cincliovatiii = Aricin. 



Cinnameiii = Oil of Balsam of Peru. 



Cinnameii = Styrol. 



Cinimniic Aci<l=Ci8 H7 O3 + H O. In the balsam of Peru 

 (from Myroxylon Pereirse), balsam of Tola (Myroxylon toluiferum), 

 liquid storax (from Liquidambar orientalis), perhaps also in other 

 odoriferous resins. May be prepared like benzoic acid. Crystal- 

 lises in colourless klinorhombic prisms and needles, smells and 

 tastes faintly like cinnamon, liquifies at 129°, boils at 300° and 

 sublimates in pungent, cough-producing vapours ; dissolves little 

 in cold, readily in boiling water, in alcohol and ether ; is of acid 

 reaction; the aqueous solution evolves, when boiled with peroxyd 

 of lead, or with Chromate of potash and sulphuric acid, oil of 

 bitter almonds and the remaining liquid contains benzoic acid. 

 Its salts are soluble in water and crystallisable, very similar to 

 the benzoates ; the least soluble is the silver-salt ; the lead-salt is 

 also little soluble. 



Cissampeliii = Bebirin. 



Cisso-TaiUlic Aci(l=C2o II12 Oie. The pigment of the red 

 autumnal leaves of Vitus hederacea, occurs also in the ripe 

 fruits of Fragaria vesca and its congeners. Treat the leaves with 

 alcohol of 80%, add to the tincture one-fifth of water and distil 

 the alcohol, evaporate the remaining liquid to honey consistence 

 and treat with cold water, which yields a dark-red solution, while 

 a kermes-red powder (see below) remains undissolved. The red 

 solution has an adstringent and bitter taste, is coloured dark-green 

 by chloride of iron, and is precipitated by glue, tartarated antimony 

 and acetate of lead (olive-gi'een by the latter). The solution 

 becomes turbid by age and thi-ows down the same kind of powder 

 as forms on dissolving the extract. This red powder, insoluble or 

 changed Cisso-Tannic Acid'^.C^^ H28 O25, is, when dry, dense, 

 dark-brown, shining, brittle, of bitter and acerb taste, carbonises 

 quietly when heated, is insoluble in water, readily soluble in 

 alcohol with blood-red colour, in ammonia with dai'k brown-yellow 

 colour ; the alcoholic solution behaves towards chloride of iron, 

 glue, tartarated antimony and acetate of lead like the oi-iginal 

 acid. 



Citric Acid^CiaHsOii + 3 HO + 2 Aq. Widely difltused, 

 free and mixed with more or less malic acid in fruits, or bound to 

 bases in various roots, herbs, barks, &c. It is precipitated from the 

 extracts by acetate of lead ; the deposit, when decomposed by 

 sulphiiret of hydrogen and evaporated, yields the acid in crystals. 

 Eectorhombic, translucent, colourless crystals, without odour and 

 of a pure and strong acid taste, lose their lustre at the air, give 

 up at 100° 2 eq. water, fuse at 150° and decompose in higher 



