64 



completely in volatile and fixed oils, not in acetic and hydrochloric 

 acids, liquor of ammonia and potash-ley. Contains dammaryl, 

 hydrate of dammaryl and dammarylic acid, described below. 

 (b) New Zealand D., from Dammara australis, is of a pale amber 

 colour, transparent inside, translucid in the outer layers and 

 covered with an opaque crust, evolves on friction a turpentine 

 odour, fvises in boiling water and does not appear to be chemically 

 different from the Indian dammara. (The Dammaras of Australia 

 and the South Sea Islands produce similar resins. — F. v. M.) 



DaiUllinryl=:C4o H32. In the Indian dammara-resin, which 

 yields 1 3°/^ of it, probably also in that of New Zealand. Exhaust 

 with warm alcohol of 82°/^, which removes soluble resins, treat the 

 rest with ether, concentrate the etliereous solution and throw the 

 remnant into boiling water for a few seconds, collect and dry as 

 quickly as possible in a vacuum. — White, amorphous, magnesia- 

 like powder of high lustre, not electric by friction, mollifies at 

 145°, fuses at 190° and becomes decomposed in higher tempera- 

 tures ; does not dissolve in water or in alcohol, readily in cold 

 ether and wai*m oils, not in alkalies ; is easily oxydised by the air. 



Daininarjl Hydrate =2 C40 H32 -1- HO. Remains after 

 treating the dammara-resin with alcohol and ether to the extent 

 of 8°/q, as a grey, dough-like mass which retains the ether tena- 

 ciously, and becomes after drying shining, brittle and easily friable ; 

 mollifies at 205°, fuses at 215°; is insoluble in alcohol, ether, 

 acetic acid, and alkalies ; dissolves completely in hot oil of 

 tvirpentine, better in petroleum, little in fixed oils. 



DailllliaryliC AcidrirQs H36 O3. Dammara-resin when 

 treated with weak alcohol, yields to it 36°/^. By evaporating the 

 solution, boiling the residue with water, to remove traces of 

 alcohol, and drying, the hydrate of the acid=:C45 II36 O3 -|- HO 

 is obtained as a white, highly electric powder, fusing at 56° and of 

 acid reaction when dissolved. — By treating the resin with absolute 

 alcohol, 46% are dissolved ; the dissolved part is the anhydrous 

 acid, similar to the above, but whiter, fusing at 60° and of more 

 acid reaction. 



Daphllill=C62 H38 O38 -1- 8 HO. Bitter glucosid of the bark 

 of Daphne alpina and Daphne Mezereum and others, also obtained 

 from the flowers of these plants. Prepare an alcoholic extract of 

 the fresh bark and exhaust the former with ether, boil the 

 undissolved portion in water, allow to rest for twenty-four hours 

 in order to remove the resin, throw down with acetate of lead, 

 remove the deposit and precipitate the D. in the liqiiid with sub- 

 acetate of lead. Decompose the deposit under water with sul- 

 phuret of hydrogen, evaporate the filtered liquid to the consistence 

 of syrup, dilute, filter ofi" from the resin, concentrate again, &c., 



