86 



(species of Boletus, &c.), and Glaucium luteum. To obtain it,- 

 pi'ecipitate the decoction with acetate of lead, separate the 

 deposit by filtration, wash cold and boil with water, filter hot and 

 allow the liquid to stand cold. The crystallised fumarate of lead 

 is reduced to a fine powder, decomposed iinder water with 

 sulj)huret of hydrogen, and the liquid evaporated. — The Fumaric 

 acid crystallises in needles, scales, or wai-ty granules ; is inodoroiis, 

 of a strongly acid taste and reaction, fuses with heat and sub- 

 limates, dissolves only in two to three hundred parts cold water, 

 abundantly in hot water, readily in alcohol and ether. Tlie fuma- 

 rates of the alkalies dissolve readily in water, those of most of the 

 other bases slowly, the fumarate of silver not at all ; the latter 

 becomes anhydrous at 100°, and contains 29 "70% acid. 



FuiUiirill. Alleged alkaloid of Fumaria ofl[icinalis. It is said 

 to be obtained in the following way. Treat the bruised hei-b -with 

 diluted acetic acid, evaporate to a syinip, exhaust with alcohol, 

 decolourise the tincture with animal charcoal, and evaporate. It 

 crystallises in fine needles, as acetate of Fumarin. Dissolve the 

 salt in water, and add an alkali which throws down the Fumarin, 

 as a cloddy mass which may be obtained in crystals from hot 

 alcohol. The compoimds of Fumarin have a lasting bitter taste. 



Fim»'ic At'itl. See Malic Acid. 



ftrtlilHlblltter. From Bassia longifolia, B. latifolia, and B. buty- 

 racea, obtained by boiling the fruits -with water. Dirty red and 

 white, transparent, of lard consistence, has a faint smell and pro- 

 nounced cocoa-like taste. Oil of Illipe seems identical with this. 



GsllbiUlUIIli Gi;m-resinous exudation of Peucedanum galbani- 

 ferum and Polylophium Galbanum. More or less brown -y ellow ; 

 at ordinaiy temperature tough, In-ittle when cold, of disagi'eeable 

 smell and acrid, bitter taste ; contains as main ingredients : vola- 

 tile oil, resin and gum. 



Ortlbanuill Resill -= C52 Hss Oio. Free the galbanum from the 

 volatile oil by distillation with water, separate the remaining resin 

 from the supernatant tiirbid liquid, boil it with milk of lime, 

 throw down the dark-yellow solution with hydrochloi'ic acid, wash 

 the white-yellow flocks, dissolve in ether and evaporate. Amor- 

 phous, white flocks, after the evaporation of the ether honey- 

 yellow mass, tasteless, insoluble in water, readily soluble in 

 alcohol, also in common ether, not completely in absolute ether, 

 difticultly in jiotash-ley, yields no sugar with diluted acids ; forms a 

 V)lue oil and other products when submitted to destructive distil- 

 lation. 



Galipeiur: Augusturin. 



Glllitanilic Acid^Cu Hg Oio. Found in the herb of Galium 

 verum and G. Aparine; (occurring, doubtless, in numerous 



