168 



ether, evaporate, treat witli water mixed with some hydrochloric 

 acid, decolourise the solution with animal chai-coal, filter, throw 

 down with carbonate of soda and dry. — Yellow, amoi'phous, 

 resinous mass of very bitter taste, dissolves little in water, 

 readily in alcohol and in ether, assumes a beavitiful dark-green 

 colour with nitric acid, likewise with concentrated sulphuric acid, 

 but is destroyed afterwards. Yields amorphous salts. 



Paridin = Ci6 Hi4 O7 + 2 HO. Acrid substance of Paris 

 quadrifolia. Exhaust the dx'ied herb with water and acetic acid, 

 prepai-e from the residue an alcoholic extract, remove from the 

 latter the fat and chlorophyll by means of ether, dissolve the 

 remaining extract in alcohol of 0-920, decolourise the solution 

 with animal charcoal, filter warm, distil oft' the alcohol, dissolve 

 the remnant in 16 to 20 parts hot water and allow the solution 

 to stand cold for a few hours and the Paridin to form in crystals, 

 which have to be purified by recrystallising. — Forms fine, shining 

 laminae or needles, at first tasteless, then poignantly acrid not 

 bitter, loses its water at 100°; dissolves little in cold, a little more 

 in hot water, much more readily in alcohol, little in ether; 

 becomes red with concentrated sulphuric acid, and with phosphoric 

 acid. 



Piuietic Acid ) -Chrysophanic Acid. 

 Parietiii j 



Parilliii=SMiLAciN. 



Pai'Sley-Stearoirteil=C24 Hu Og. In the herb and seed of 

 Carum Petroselinum besides a liquid volatile oil. Distil witli 

 water, collect the crystals forming in the distillate, press and 

 recrystallise from alcohol. The stearopten is mostly contained in 

 the oil that passes over towards the end of the distillation. — 

 Porms fine, white, sexangular needles, heavier than water ; smells 

 faintly of parsley, has a burning, camphor-like, afterwards 

 rancid taste; neutral; fuses at 30°, boils at 300° under decompo- 

 sition; dissolves slightly in cold, more readily in hot water, readily 

 in alcohol, ether, volatile and fixed oils. 



Paviiii=FRAxm. 



[Paytill = C21 H12 NO + HO. Alkaloid, discovered by Hesse 

 in Quina blanca de Payta. The coarsely pulverised bark is ex- 

 tracted with alcohol ; the solution is evaporated, saturated -with an 

 excess of soda, and shaken with ether, which takes up the alkaloid. 

 The latter is converted into the sulphate, almost completely neutra- 

 lised with ammonia, and mixed with excess of iodide of potassium. 

 The precipitate is rendered alkaline with solution of soda and 

 shaken with ether, which on evaporation leaves the P. in well 

 defined colourless crystals. — The P. is of alkaline reaction, and 

 bitter taste, dissolves easily in ether, benzol, chloroform, petro- 



