173 



impregnated witli carbonic acid gas, it dissolves soon, and yields a 

 tasteless solution of alkaline reaction, but becomes slowly decom- 

 posed, and more quickly when warmed, while assuming a red 

 colour. The salts of the Ph. are like the pure base, tasteless. 

 Alkalies precipitate the Ph. from the solution of the salts, but 

 decompose them at the same time with a i-ed coloiir. They are 

 also precipitable by chloride of mercury, chloride of gold, tannic 

 acid, iodide of potassio-mercury. 



Pliytomeliii = Rutin. 



Picliuriiu tallow = Laurostearin. 



Picrolicheilin=C-24 H20 O12. Crystalline bitter substance of 

 Pertusaria communis. Evaporate the alcoholic tincture of the 

 lichen to a syrup consistence, and allow to stand cold ; the crystals 

 which will have formed after a few weeks have to be purified by 

 washing with a weak sohition of carbonate of potash, and by 

 repeatedly recrystallising in alcohol. — Forms colourless, shining, 

 rhombic pyramids, inodorous, very bittei'; fuses above the fusing 

 point of sulphur, is decomposed by more heat; is insoluble in cold, 

 slightly soluble in hot water, readily in alcohol, ether, sulphide of 

 carbon, A'^olatile oils, acetic acid, and in caustic alkalies. 



PicrotOxill=C2o H12 Og. Indifierent bitter substance of Coc- 

 culus indicus, the seeds of Anamirta paniculata. Pulverise the 

 seeds, remove most of the fixed oil by pressing, extract the 

 presscake with alcohol, bring the tinctures to dryness with 

 pulverised charcoal, grind the mass, di'aw out with ether, 

 drive off the ether from the tincture after addition of water, 

 remove the supernatant congealed fat, allow the Picrotoxin to 

 crystallise from the liquid, and recrystallise in alcohol. — White 

 crusts and shining needles, inodorous, extremely bitter, fusible by 

 heat, and decomposed in higher temperatures; dissolves in 150 

 parts cold, and in 25 pai-ts boiling water, in 10 parts cold, and in 

 equal parts boiling alcohol, in 2^ parts ether, also in diluted 

 alkalies ; the latter solution turns yellow on heating, and leaves a 

 brick-red residue. 



Piiliai'ic Acid. See Abietic Acid. 



Pine-sug'ar = PiNiT. 



Piliic Acid. See Abietic Acid. 



Pillit = Ci2 Hi2 Oio. Peculiar kind of sugar in the sap of Pinus 

 Lambertiana. Dissolve the crude, hardened sap in water, de- 

 colourise the solution with animal charcoal, allow to evaporate 



spontaneously and recrystallise the crystals which have formed. 



Forms colourless, hard, radiated warts, nearly as sweet as cane- 

 sugar; fuses above 150°; is of 1'52 density, and of neutral reaction; 

 is carbonised on heating, with an odour of burnt siigar ; dissolves 



