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Populill^C^o Hoo Oi6 + 4HO. Besides salicin the other glu- 

 cosid of the bark, the leaves and the roots of species of Popiiliis. 

 Boil with water, jjrecitate with subacetate of lead, free the filtrate 

 from lead by sulphuric acid, concentrate, boil with animal charcoal 

 and allow the salicin to crystallise. The mother-ley yields with 

 carbonate of potash a deposit of Populin, which has to be 

 recrystallised in hot water. — Forms white, silky, shining, very 

 voluminous needles, of the appearance of starch or of magnesia, 

 tastes irritating, sweet, similar to liquorice, looses at 100° the 

 whole of its water, fuses at ISC^, and decomposes with more heat, 

 yielding benzoic acid. Dissolves in 2000 parts cold, and in 70 

 parts boiling water, in 100 parts cold absolute alcohol, in boiling 

 alcohol more readily than in boiling water, scarcely in ether, 

 behaves towards concentrated sulphuric acid like salicin, forms, 

 on boiling with dilute sulphuric acid, benzoic acid, grape-sugar and 

 salii'etin, on heating with Chromate of potash and sulphuric acid 

 much salicylous acid. Is not pi-ecipitable by any metallic salt. 



Porpliyi'OXill. In opium. Exhaust with hot ether, warm the 

 remnant with water and a little carbonate of potash, and treat 

 again with hot ether, which dissolves codein, thebain, porphyroxin, 

 and caoutchouc; all these substances remaining after the spon- 

 taneous evaporation of the ether. Dissolve the remnant in diluted 

 hydrochloric acid, filter and precipitate with ammonia, which 

 throws down theljain and Porphyroxin, while codein remains 

 dissolved. Dissolve the deposit, after drying and triturating, in 

 boiling ether, and leaA^e to evajwrate at the air, obtaining thereby 

 crystals of thebain and resinous Porphyroxin, separable by alcohol, 

 which dissolves the P. readily. — Fine, shining needles, neutral, 

 insoluble in water, readily soluble in alcohol and in ether; assumes 

 with concentrated sulphuric acid or with nitro-sidphimc acid, an 

 olive-green colour ; dissolves colourless in diluted sulphuric, hydro- 

 chloric, and nitric acids, the solutions turning purple-red on 

 boiling, but not the solution in acetic acid. Alkalies decolourise 

 the red liquids, and produce a white precipitate, l)ut all acids (also 

 acetic acid) reproduce the red colour even when cold. 



Porpliyroxill, This particular alkaloid, according to what is 

 known, is not identical with Porphyroxin of opium. It occurs in 

 the root of Sanguinaria Canadensis, accomjianied by cheleiy th iln 

 and puccin. Draw out with water mixed with some acetic acid; 

 })recipitate the chelerythrin from the liquid by means of ammonia, 

 neutralise the filtrate with acetic acid exactly, precipitate with 

 tannic acid, wash the precipitate, mix intimately with lime, dry, 

 draw out with alcohol, impregnate with carbonic acid, distil off 

 the alcohol, bring the remnant to dryness, treat with boiling- 

 water, evaporate the solution, dissolve the remnant in ether, 

 evaporate the ether and recrystallise in alcohol. — Small, white 



N 



