197 



hygroscopic, precipitates the salts of oxyd of iron with a beautiful 

 green colour. 



RUlUicill = CHRYSOPHANIC AciD. 



Rutin or Rutic Aci(l=C5o H28 O30 + 4 HO. Glucosid of Ruta 

 gi'aveolens, of the flower-buds of Capparis spinosa, of the Waifa 

 (the flower-buds of Sophora japonica). Formerly confounded with 

 quercitrin. The safflower-yellow is, according to Stein, uncrystal- 

 lisable Rutin, as likewise the pigments of straw, of ^thalium, of 

 Hippophae, and of Fagopyrum [also, according to Mylius, of Sedum 

 acre]. Boil the herb of cultivated rue with vinegar, press and let 

 rest ; wash the slowly forming Ptutin with cold water, boil with a 

 mixture of 1 pt. acetic acid and 4 pts. water, filter, allow to crys- 

 tallise, wash the crystals, dissolve in boiling alcohol, treat the 

 solution with animal charcoal, filter and let crystallise. — Forms 

 light-yellow, fine needles of a feeble, silky gloss, inodorous and 

 tasteless, bitter in solution; neutral; loses its water at 160°, con- 

 glutinates at 190°, fuses and becomes carbonized with a smell of 

 burnt sugar; dissolves scarcely in cold, in 185 pts. of boiling water, 

 little in cold absolute alcohol, readily in boiling alcohol of 76 %, 

 not in ether, readily in alkalies and in alkaline earths, and repre- 

 cipitable unaltered by acids; yields on heating with diluted acids 

 sugar and quercetin. 



Sabatlillic Acid. Peculiar volatile fat-acid of the melanthaceous 

 •group of Liliacepe, especially observed in the seeds of Schcenocaulon 

 officinale and of Colchicum autumnale, and in the root of Veratrum 

 album. Treat preferably the seeds of Schcenocaulon (or Sabadilla) 

 with ether, evaporate the solution, saponify the fixed oil, which 

 has separated, with potash-ley, decompose the soap with tartaric 

 acid, distil the aqueous liquid, saturate the distillate with baryta 

 and distil the desiccated Sabadillate of baryta with concentrated 

 phosphoric acid. — The S. acid sublimates in white needles of 

 mothei--of-pearl lustre, fusible at 20° of the odour of butyric acid, 

 soluble in water, alcohol and ether. 



Sal)a(lillill=C2o H13 NO 5. Alkaloid, associated with veratrm 

 in the seeds of Schcenocaulon officinale. Is obtained by extracting 

 with alcohol, distilling the tincture, dissolving the remnant in 

 diluted sulphuric acid, digesting the solution with animal charcoal, 

 and precipitating with caustic potash. The deposit consists of 

 veratrin, Sabadillin, and sabadillin-hydrate, and contains besides 

 two, not basic substances (only one of which, the helonin, has been 

 closely investigated). To separate these substances, redissolve the 

 deposit in diluted sulphuric acid, add nitric acid as long as a black, 

 pitch-like deposit is produced, precipitate the filtered solution with 

 potash-ley, wash the dejDOsit, dry, dissolve in absolute alcohol, 

 «vaporate the solution and boil the remnant with water, veratrin 



