210 



Styrol=:Ci6 Hs. The volatile oil of liquid storax. Distil the 

 latter with water containing some carl)onate of soda (to retain 

 cinnamic acid), shake the oil floating on the distillate with chloiide 

 of calcium and rectify. — It is colourless, thin, smells like liquid 

 storax, has a burning taste and 0-924 density, boils at liS"?-')^ 

 under conversion into an isomeric solid body (metastyi'ol) which 

 is devoid of taste and smell, but is reconverted on slowly heating 

 into the former liquid state. 



Suberill, a modified woody fibre, main ingredient of the outer 

 bark of Quei'cus Suber. Remains after the treatment of the rasped 

 cork with water, alcohol, ether, and hydrochloric acid as a reddish- 

 grey, very light, soft, elastic mass of cellular structure. 



Succinic Aci(l=C4 H2 O3 + HO. It undoubtedly occurs 

 veiy frequently in the vegetable kingdom, though its ])resence, 

 as recorded in most statements, has not been proved sutficiently. 

 It is said to exist in turpentine, in the herbs of Lact\;ca sativa and 

 Xi. virosa, and in Artemisia Absinthium; sometimes it is probably 

 a product of decomjiosition of vegetable extracts, and therefore no 

 primaiy constituent of plants. Its occurrence in turpentine is 

 rendered probable by the fact that amljer, which contains a large 

 amount of the acid, comes from an extinct coniferous tree. The 

 Succinic Acid in plants is combined with a base, and is in this 

 state readily dissolved by water. Acetate of lead throws it down, 

 yielding a com})Ound which becomes anhydrous at 130°, and con- 

 tains 30'94 ;^ acid. From the Succinate of lead the acid can be 

 obtained without loss only by means of sulphuret of hydrogen; 

 the liquid, after l)eing separated from the sulphide of lead, yields, 

 on evaporation, the acid as a hydrate. With lai'ger quantities and 

 when a small loss is of no consequence, the Siiccinate of lead is 

 digested warm, with ^ its weight of concentrated sulphuric acid, 

 and with the necessary quantity of water; it is then filtered, eva- 

 porated to form in crystals, and purified by recrystallisation.^ — The 

 pure acid forms klinorhombic prisms, inodorous, of a moderately 

 acid taste, fuses at 180°, boils at 235°, and volatilises undecom- 

 jjosed in white, acrid fumes; dissolves in 25 parts cold and in two 

 pax'ts boiling water, readily in alcohol and in ether. Most of the 

 Succinates are soluble in water. 



Su«'ar. See Fruit, Cane and Grape Sugar. 



Sulpliosiiiapiii ) 



8uli»liOsiiiii]»ic Acid \- =Sinapin-Sulphocyanide. 

 Sul]»Iiosiiiii]>isiu j 



Suriuuillill. In the bark of Geoff'roya Surinamensis. Treat 

 the alcoholic extract of the bark with water, filter, precijntate 

 with subacetate of lead, remove the lead from the filtrate by means 

 of sul})huret of hydrogen, filter and evaporate, whereby a part of 



