221 



Tyrosill = Cis Hu NO 6 • Has as yet been found only in the 

 South American ratanhia extract from Krameria ti'iandra, K. Ixina 

 and K. secnndiflora. To prepare the Tyrosin, precipitate the aqueous 

 sohition of the extract first with ghie, afterwards with subsulphate 

 of iron and next with lime, evaporate the liquid, to dei)osit at first 

 sulphate and carbonate of lime, afterwards Tyrosin, which has to 

 be recrystallised in hot water. — White, loose, warty mass, com- 

 posed of fine needles, or isolated silky needles, without smell or 

 taste; is decomposed by heat; dissolves in 2788 parts cold and in 

 138 parts boiling water, not in alcohol and ether, readily in the 

 hydrates and cai-bonates of alkalies and in alkaline earths, like- 

 wise in diluted acids, in concentrated sulphuric acid, and the latter 

 solution, after it lias been saturated with carbonate of lime, and 

 freed from the sulphate of lime by filtering, assumes a violet hue 

 with chloride of iron. 



[Umljellifer01l=:Ci8 He Oe, seems, according to Flueckiger 

 and Hanbury, to })re-exist to a small extent in galbanum, asafoe- 

 tida and ammoniacum, and is also obtained by the dry distillation 

 of resiiis of umbelliferous plants in general and of Daphne Mez- 

 ereum. — It forms colourless, acicular crystals, soluble in water, 

 ether, and chloroform. Its solution in water exhibits, especially 

 on addition of an alkali, a brilliant blue fluorescence, which is 

 destroyed by an acid. It may be prepared from galbanum, by 

 heating the latter for some time to 100° with hydrochloric acid, 

 and treating the cold acid liquid with ether or chloroform, which 

 takes up the Umbelliferon.] 



Ursoil — C40 H34 O 4 . Crystalline substance of the leaves of 

 Arctostaphylos (also fovmd by Tonner in the leaves of Epacris spp.). 

 Exhaust the leaves with ether, wash with ether the crystalline 

 sediment, obtained by evaporation, and recrystallise from alcohol. 

 — Forms colourless, silky needles, withoiit taste and smell, fusible 

 at 198° to 200°, boils in higher temperatures, and sublimes un- 

 altered; is insoluble in water, diluted acids and alkalies, S2)aring]y 

 in alcohol and in ether. 



Usilic Acid=C36 His O14. In various kinds of Usnea, Cla- 

 donia, Evernia, Lecanora, Parmelia, Ramalina; is best obtained 

 from Cladonia i-angiferina or from Usnea floiida. Boil with thin 

 milk of lime, throw down the Usnic acid from the dark yellow 

 solution by means of hydrochloric acid, dry the deposit and purify 

 by recrystallisation from alcohol with aid of animal charcoal. — 

 Appears in sulphur-yellow, pellucid needles and leaflets, friable to 

 an electric powder; tasteless; fuses at 203°, is decomposed in 

 higher temperatures, and yields a sublimate of Beta-orcin; is not 

 moistened by and is insoluble in water, dissolves in alcohol and in 

 ether, still more when warm, in concentrated sulphuric acid with 

 yellow colour, and precipitable by Avater unaltered, readily in 



