2 PB ACTIO AL BOTANY. 



Organography may be preceded by General Morplio- 

 grapby, which considers the forms of plants, without taking 

 into account the particular organs. While Organography 

 proper tells what ovate leaves, pods, seeds are. General 

 Morphography states what the term ovate, etc., means. 



5, Vegetable Physiology and Anatomy treat of the 

 life of plants and the structure of their parts. It is super- 

 fluous to mention Yegetahle Anatomy as a particular 

 branch of Botany, since Physiology can not be studied 

 without anatomizing the parts of a plant. A special de- 

 partment of vegetable physiology is Morphology, which 

 must not be confounded with Morphography, and relates 

 to the typical transformations undergone by the organs in 

 the course of their development. 



6, Special or Systematic Botany teaches how the dif- 

 ferent plants are to be identified according to certain rules, 

 derived from Special Organography ; it gives the method 

 of analyzing a plant — that is, of noting its constituent 

 parts, all or some, in order to ascertain its name and place 

 in a botanical system, or to identify it. Analysis of a 

 plant is a methodical operation, by which we separate a 

 whole plant, or parts of it, into its components, for the 

 purpose of an exact inspection of each. Identification or 

 Diagnosis of a plant means the result of this analysis. To 

 determine or identify is to make the diagnosis of a plant. 



7, Practical Botany considers plants wdth respect to 

 their utility and hurtfulness. It has different branches, 

 such as Agricultural, Technical, Toxicological, Medicinal, 

 etc., Botany. 



(But as Practical Botany can not exist without the study 

 of Systematic Botany, the latter may also be called Practi- 

 cal Botany.) 



