70 



PRACTICAL BOTANY. 



latter (Fig. 8). The qiiineuncial sort is found in the calyx 

 of Geranium, etc. 



Imbncated aestivation results from a spiral arrangement 

 of the floral leaves, and the valvate and contorted sorts are 

 probably due to their opposite, or whorled arrangement. 

 The figures, except No. 5, are cross-sections, oi horizontal 

 slices of a floral circle in the bud. 



Cut xm. 



* * FKUIT AND SEED. 



136. A Fruit is a ripened ovary, with all its contents 

 and appendages. 



f ESSENTIAL PARTS OF THE FRUIT. 



127. The fruit consists of two cardinal parts — namely, 

 the j)ericarjp and the seed^ the former sometimes consoli- 

 dated w^ith other organs, which were adnate to the pistils. 



128. The Pericarp is that part of the fruit which 

 encloses the seed. It has its origin in one or more carpel- 

 lary leaves. The pericarp often remains herbaceous in 

 texture, like the pea-cod, or turns thin, dry, and membra- 



