KEF. 



265 



Stamens opposite tlie petals. Calyx-lobes, petals 

 and stamens 4. Petals wrapped around the stamens. Drupe 

 berry -like, with 3-4 nutlets, black. Branclilets thorny. 



(661) Rhamnus catharticus, L. 



8 6S. Parts of the flower, calyx-teeth (or lobes), petals, 



stamens and stigmas 4 or 5 863 



Parts of the flower habitually 6. (389) Prinos. 



863. Petals oblong-linear, widely-spreading. Drupe 

 (light red) with 4 horny, smooth nutlets. Flowers on long 

 and slender, axillary peduncles, solitary or sparingly clus- 

 tered. (130) Nemopanthes Canadensis, D. C. 



Petals oval or obovate, obtuse. Drupe (red or pur- 

 ple) with 4 bony, furrowed nutlets. Fertile flowers mostly 

 solitary, and the partly sterile ones habitually clustered in 

 the axils. Leaves sometimes armed wdth spiny teeth. 



(130) Ilex. 



864. (855.) Flowers without any perianth, in aments or 

 ament-like spikes 873 



Flowers with a calyx 865 



865. Woody climbers. Perianth 6-cleft, or parted. 

 Stamens 6 (5-7) 866 



Trees or shrubs, not climbing 868 



866. Shrubs (sometimes prickly) climbing by a pair of 

 tendrils on the petioles. Ovary free from the calyx. Berry 

 globular, 1- to 3-seeded, black or red. Smilax (890). 



Tendrils none 867 



867. Pistils 3, spindle-shaped, tipped with a radiate, 

 many-cleft stigma. Sepals 6. Stamens twelve in the sterile 

 flowers, short. Fruit a drupe, with the thin crustaceous 

 putamen hollowed out like a cup on one side. Leaves large, 

 thin, deeply 3- to 5-lobed, with a heart-shaped base ; lobes 

 acuminate. Calycocarpum Lyoni, Nutt. 



Pistil 1 (adherent to the tube of the e-clelt perianth). 

 Pod 3-celled, 3-wanged, loculicidal, 3-valved. Leaves broad- 

 ovate, cordate, acuminate, 9- to 11-nerved ; petioles long, 

 the lowest wOiorlcd in fours. Sterile plant with the spikes 

 panicled ; the fertile W' ith the spikes simple. 



Dioscorea villosa, L. 



