268 PRACTICAL BOTANY. 



Leaves thickisli, minutely ciliate, the radical ones lanceolate 

 and spatulate, the cauline pinnately parted into 3-7 narrow- 

 segments. Root spindle-shaped (eaten by the Oregon In- 

 dians). Panicle interrupted. Valeriana edulis, Nutt. 



879, Petals 3, at least in one sort of flowers 883 



Petals 5 (or 4) 880 



880, Leaves compound 881 



Leaves heart-kidney-shaped, somewhat 5-lohed, ser- 

 rate, wrinkled. Stem simple, 2- or 3-leaved, 1-tiowered. 

 Calyx-lobes 5, pointless. Petals obovate, white. Pistils 

 several or few. Fruit a collective mass of few drupes. 



Rubus Chamaemorus, L. 



Leaves palmately 9- to 11-parLed. Stamens 15-20, 



monadelphous in a column. Styles 8-10. A tall, roughisl^ 



herb. Napaea dioica, L. 



881, Flo\vers in a spiked raceme, or racemed panicle. 

 Leaves twice- or thrice ternate or pinnate 882 



Flowers in a simple umbel. A whorl of 3, pal- 

 mately 3- to V-foliolate leaves at the summit of the stem. 

 Calyx-tube coherent with the ovary, its limb obscurely 

 toothed or obsolete. Stamens 5. Root spindle-shaped, or 

 globular. Panax, L. 



(Ai'ttlia, Gray.) 



883. Pistils 5. Stamens 10-50. Calyx 5-cleft. Petals 

 obovate, whitish. Raceme spiked. Flowers strictly dioe- 

 cious. Spiraea Aruncus, L. 

 Pistil 1 ; styles 2. Stamens 10. Calyx 4- to 5- 

 parted. Petals 4 or 5, spatulate. Panicle. Leaflets heart- 

 shaped. Astilbe decandra, Don. 



883. Herbs submersed. Flowers on scape-like pedun- 

 cles, from a spathe. Perianths 6- (or 3-) parted, the inner 

 3 of the 6 segments petaloid. Stamens 3-12. Ovary in- 

 ferior 885 



Herbs not submersed 884 



884. Petals white. Flowers pretty large, usually whorl- 

 ed in threes. Stamens indefinite. Pistils numerous on a 

 globular receptacle. Leaves commonly arrow-shaped. 



(802) Sagittaria. 



