14 CEREALS 
Fia. 3.—Oat. A spikelet (similar to B, Fig. 2) cut lengthwise to show the 
inner parts. Enlarged and somewhat diagrammatic. Sk, stalklet; 
R, R’, its continuation as a little rachis within the spikelet; C, C’, outer 
bracts; M, F, mature flower; Y, F, young flower not yet opened; R, F, 
rudimentary flower or pair of bracts with neither stamens nor pistils 
within; D, bract with awn (B); E, inner bract; G, lodicule; F, F’, fila- 
ments bearing ripe anthers (RA, RA’) from one of which pollen (P) 
is falling; Sc, stigma; Sy, style; Ov, ovary, containing an ovule (OL); | 
YA, a young anther; YA’, a similar one cut lengthwise to show the 
pollen forming within. (Original.) 
Fic. 4.—Oat spikelet in fruit. F, the awned inner bract swollen with the 
ripe kernel which it enwraps; A, awn; F’, another ripe ‘‘oat’’ separated 
from the little rachis (R) and turned to show its inner face where the © 
edges of the bract enclosing the kernel are seen not quite meeting 
at the center. About twice natural size. (Original.) 
A continuation of the stalk into-a flower-cluster is called its 
rachis. . 
Every one should be able to tell at sight such important 
plants as the six principal cereals. When in flower they 
may be distinguished by the peculiarities mentioned in the 
following synopsis taken in connection with the figures. 
